This background note explains the purpose and scope of work of a Round Table Meeting on children’s care and DHS/MICS data. The aim of this initiative is to inform the development of an inter-agency technical brief that explains what household level data is available through DHS and MICS that is critical to better understanding and monitoring of trends and patterns in children’s living arrangements and care status, and how the data can and should be extracted and used to inform policy and programmes at country and international levels. The brief will be targeted to child protection practitioners in UN agencies, INGOs and NGOs and will provide information to support them to engage with national government and statistical agencies to influence the DHS and MICS processes at country level.