This study examined the impact of adrenocortical activity and post-adoption parenting on disinhibited social engagement (DSE) across the first two years post-adoption (age at adoption: 16–36 months) and observed kindergarten social outcomes in previously institutionalized children compared to non-adopted children.

This comment piece by Charles H Zeanah and Kathryn L Humphreys accompanies a study on the number of children in institutional care around the globe, entitled 'Prevalence and number of children living in institutional care: global, regional, and country estimates,' published in the Lancet in March 2020.

This scoping review adopts a descriptive focus to compile and analyze those studies published between 2007 and 2017 that have assessed the impact of situations of vulnerability or institutionalization on linguistic and communicative development.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the emotional and behavioral problems of children living in child care institutions (CCIs) in Kandy District, Sri Lanka, and to explore associated factors.

In this study, autobiographical memory tests, working memory, and a depressive symptom assessment were administered to 48 adolescents in care with a history of maltreatment (22 abused and 26 neglected) without mental disorder, who had been removed from their family and were living in residential child care, and to 61 adolescents nonmaltreated who had never been placed in care.

This 'companion primer' from the Christian Alliance for Orphans (CAFO) provides an overview of the ways in which adversity impacts brain development and how the use of appropriate interventions based on relationships can help reshape children's brains, leading to greater wellbeing and better outcomes for kids from hard places.

To investigate the impact of childhood deprivation on the adult brain and the extent to which structural changes underpin these effects, the authors of this study from PNAS utilized MRI data collected from young adults who were exposed to severe deprivation in early childhood in the Romanian orphanages of the Ceaușescu era and then, subsequently adopted by UK families.

The present study aimed to study the aggression and internalizing behavioural problems among orphan and non-orphan children in Kashmir.

This study determined the perceived effects of prolonged residential care for children in Botswana.

The current study uses data from a longitudinal randomized controlled trial to examine whether severe early neglect among children reared in institutions increases vulnerability to the effects of later stressful life events on externalizing problems in adolescence, and whether social enrichment in the form of high-quality foster care buffers this risk.