This publication explains the impacts of HIV/AIDS on orphans and vulnerable children in the family and community-based care, households and communities; needs of orphans and vulnerable children and responses in the educational system; psychosocial impact on children and youth; human rights of children affected by HIV/AIDS; and religion and responses to orphans and vulnerable children. It does this with the help of many contributors with expert knowledge on issues affecting children, particularly those who are orphaned and made vulnerable by HIV/AIDS.