In October 2017, a Care for Children team visited Phnom Penh, Cambodia, following an invitation from the Ministry of Social Affairs, Veterans and Youth Rehabilitation (MoSVY). The purpose of the visit was to understand the current child welfare system in Cambodia, in particular the role and function of the Government residential care institutions (RCIs), in order to help determine pathways forward for government-led foster care development. The following report provides a summary of the research methodology, details of meetings and data collection, findings and recommendations for moving forward.