Calls to eliminate all residential care for children and youth have often claimed to be based on empirical research. In this commentary, two examples of how research often cited in calls to eliminate residential care has been inappropriately overgeneralized. The first example comes from research on infants and children in institutions characterized by “structural neglect” (Van IJzendoorn et al. 2020). Research using meta-analyses that do not disaggregate studies by age and type and quality of residential care are not informative about high-quality residential care. The second example comes from a project that used interviews of self-selected participants who had experiences in demonstrably poor-quality care. There is evidence that supports the targeted use of residential care. A wide array of care options are required to serve the varied needs of children and youth.