This systematic review of children left behind by migrant parents by Gracia Fellmeth and Kelly Rose-Clarke and colleagues in The Lancet included studies from all LMICs, and considered both forced migration and labour migration.

This systematic review investigated the effect of parental migration on the health of left behind-children and adolescents in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs).

The objective of this article is to examine the impact of international female labor migration on left-behind parents by taking into consideration the daughters' marital status.

This article assesses the contribution of the Livelihood Empowerment Against Poverty (LEAP) programme in reducing rural poverty in the Karaga district of Northern Ghana, using a mixed research design to compare the livelihoods of beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries.

This article analyzes the impact of volunteer tourism on children’s wellbeing in residential care facilities in Cambodia by employing a child rights-based approach.

This qualitative study sought to explore the perspectives of a group of South African caregivers, all of whom were in receipt of a Child Support Grant (CSG), in relation to their own caregiving and family functioning.

This research utilized Indigenous methodologies rooted in oral traditions, storytelling practices, and the Medicine Wheel teachings to examine how individuals, families, communities, social workers, and organizations can assist Indigenous youth who are aging-out of foster care and are transitioning into adulthood.

This paper identifies key educational outcomes among young people in care in Ontario (Canada) of pre-school, elementary, secondary, and post-secondary age.

This chapter from the Handbook of Parenting and Child Development Across the Lifespan explores five domains of research connecting social support and parenting: (1) intergenerational transmission of parenting; (2) community and neighborhood; (3) marriage quality; (4) grandmothers; and (5) offline and online friends.

These recommendations have been developed by the Opening Doors for Europe’s Children campaign and are based on the work of the campaign since 2016, calling for a stronger commitment to maintain, strengthen and expand the use of EU funds for deinstitutionalisation reforms in Europe.

Using data from Ghana—a country that has initiated reintegration of children from residential care facilities, therefore providing a natural opportunity for comparative research—the authors of this study from the Children and Youth Services Review used hope, whether the child has been reunified with family/caregivers or remained in the care facility, and a statistical interaction of the two, along with controls, to predict the Child Status Index, an internationally-established measure of child wellbeing.

This chapter from Asylum Determination in Europe focuses on unaccompanied minors seeking asylum in Greece and their experiences of residing both in shelters and refugee camps.

For this study, ten multilevel meta-analyses were performed to examine factors that can affect instability of foster care placement.

Nurturing Strangers focuses on loving nonviolent re-parenting of children in foster care. This book is a jargon-free mix of narrative and real-life case studies, together with the theory and practice of nonviolence.

This paper examines the efforts of a court to improve outcomes for older youth who are exiting foster care by implementing an Emancipation Checklist (EC) to guide discussion around 12 stability indicators thought to improve youth transition to adulthood (e.g., education, employment).

This article examines the findings of a mixed-method implementation-evaluation of a local non-governmental organization's Orphans and Vulnerable Children program.

The All Babies Count (ABC) initiative was a comprehensive health systems strengthening intervention designed to improve neonatal care in rural public facilities. This article describes ABC implementation outcomes, including development of a quality improvement (QI) change package.

This study investigates the difference in the well-being of children in kinship care when compared to children in other care settings within Africa, examining factors that are associated with their well-being outcomes.

This collection of poetry and writing throws the spotlight on living 'in care' - a subject rarely explored in literature and yet experienced by more than 60,000 children in the UK every year.

The purpose of the present Situation Analysis of Children with Disabilities in Albania is to generate comprehensive knowledge about children with disabilities to inform concrete actions by the Albanian government and UNICEF Albania to address the most critical rights violations of children with disabilities.

This paper aims to highlight inequality in current adoption processes and procedures in England and Wales.

This article celebrates the positive difference that being around and caring for animals can make for looked after children. It explores the benefits and makes a case for a proactive approach.

Using the data from a a nationwide evaluation of accessibility of employment and education in Latvia, the authors of this paper argue that due to the fragmented implementation of deinstitutionalisation (DI) and lack of a child centred approach throughout the education sector, despite educators firmly believing they are acting in the best interests of children, current practices of care contribute to the creation of ‘inclusive exclusion’

This statistics publication from the UK Department for Education provides information about looked after children in England for the year ending 31 March 2018.

Based on attachment theory, this study was conducted to analyze the contact between these children and their biological parents, and the factors affecting this contact.

This paper focuses on the longitudinal examination of perceived reactive attachment disorder (RAD) symptoms and indiscriminate, insecure and pseudomature behavior in foster children, many of them having experienced maltreatment and neglect in the family of origin.

Exploring the testimonials collected during a focus group and 45 individual interviews with adult alumni of such institutions the Romanian research team enrolled in the SASCA Project revealed a wide range of forms of violence and traumatic consequences.

The goal of this study was to simultaneously examine the independent and interactive effects of paternal and maternal corporal punishment, and child temperament on child emotion regulation over time in China.

The purpose of this study is to explore child welfare workers' perspectives on ethnic matching in child welfare service delivery.

In this study, the authors explored the needs of families of children with cerebral palsy in Bangladesh. Such understanding is important as it will help to improve services for children with disabilities and their families.

This study examined the levels of child neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) and mental health problems among displaced Rohingya populations into Bangladesh.

This study explores the impact of a participatory training programme for caregivers delivered through a local support group, with a focus on understanding caregiver wellbeing.

This paper explores the complex set of intertwined social and biological factors influences people’s motivation to participate actively and productively in schools, jobs, and communities— and to persevere in the face of setbacks.

In this interactive graphic, hover over or click the labels on the brain regions to learn more about how each region affects motivation, and hover over or click the highlighted text to the left of the brain image to see how those regions interact.

This study identified children born to mothers in foster care and documented Child Protective Service (CPS) involvement among children.

This report from UNICEF South Asia and Global Social Service Workforce Alliance provides information on the current status of the social service workforce in the eight countries in South Asia.

This article explores casework practices developed for use in child welfare placements that may be successfully applied to New South Wales to help build the practical skills needed to facilitate openness, empathy and respectful interactions between children in permanent care and their birth families.

This article discusses a key meeting for children in care – the Child in Care Review – and examines the extent to which children and young people are able to participate and exert a level of control over their lives. The research, conducted in England, formed part of a wider exploration of the views and experiences of all those involved in such reviews, namely Independent Reviewing Officers (IROs), social workers, senior managers and – the focus of this article – the young people concerned.

This review synthesises and evaluates the current empirical evidence on the causes and consequences of stress experienced by foster carers and the factors that lessen or increase it.

While previous studies have focused on the effects of parental deportation on young children, this study uniquely contributes to the literature by exploring how adolescents experience and cope with a forced family separation.

The purpose of this study was to understand the perspective of caregivers about the formation and disruption of bonds with institutionalized children in Brazil.

A cross-sectional comparative descriptive study was conducted among 300 children of age 6-12 years from a pediatric outpatient department of a selected hospital and 300 children from selected orphanages in Kolkata to compare the prevalence of behavioral disorders in children under parental care and out of parental care using Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).

This article suggests that financial supports for adoption could be extended by introducing Child Development Accounts for children adopted from foster care in New South Wales, Australia.

This paper presents a qualitative analysis of front‐line practices regarding emergency removals in Finnish and Irish child protection.

The purpose of this systematic review was to assess current knowledge regarding immunization coverage levels for children in the child welfare system and to determine barriers and supports to them utilizing immunization services.

The aim of the study is to understand the perceptions of court‐involved adolescent girls in residential treatment (40% delinquency, 60% foster care/child abuse and neglect) on school climate and factors that affect their mood in school.

This study investigated the effect of parental migration on the health of left behind-children and adolescents in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs).

The purpose of this Information Memorandum (IM) is to strongly encourage all US child welfare agencies and Children’s Bureau (CB) grantees to work together with the courts and other appropriate public and private agencies and partners to plan, implement and maintain integrated primary prevention networks and approaches to strengthen families and prevent maltreatment and the unnecessary removal of children from their families.

This publication from SOS Children's Villages and CELCIS describes the two-year project 'Prepare for Leaving Care,' which aimed to "embed a child rights based culture into child protection systems which improves outcomes for children and young people in particular in the preparation for leaving care," with youth participation at the heart of all activities.