Child Care and Protection Policies

Child care and protection policies regulate the care of children, including the type of support and assistance to be offered, good practice guidelines for the implementation of services, standards for care, and adequate provisions for implementation. They relate to the care a child receives at and away from home.

States and all organisations with child care programmes should have child care policies which are in line with national legislation and international law, e.g. the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC). In line with the CRC, emphasis should be placed on the child’s best interests, with support to families prioritised in order to prevent family separation. Good gatekeeping mechanisms are essential in ensuring families receive the services they need and are entitled to, and to guard against inappropriate placement into poor care arrangements.

Home-based care, day care, and other family support services are mechanisms for assisting families in providing for the child’s development and, when used appropriately, can prevent child separation. When a child is unable to remain at home, alternative forms of community based care should be prioritised, such as formal kinship care or foster care. The use of institutions should be highlighted as a last and temporary measure. All support and care provisions should outline the referral and admission process, the use of care plans, regular reviews, rehabilitation, and aftercare procedures.

Child protection legislation which recognises that abuse can be physical, emotional, sexual, or neglect, and may be carried out by parents, caretakers, children and other adults is required. All agencies working with children should have written child protection policies which respect the rights of the child. Policies should outline behaviours and actions which are unacceptable, provide standards for the appropriate care of children, and clear guidelines on what procedures to follow and by whom, including reporting mechanisms for suspected abuse to an assigned authority for investigation.

Child care and protection policies require resources and monitoring of standards to ensure their appropriate implementation. Adequate provision and training of child care and social work staff is required to deliver family support services and alternatives forms of child care. All staff working with children should be trained and supervised in providing appropriate care for children, identifying abuse, and responding appropriately.

The literature in this section contains country reports and examples of national and organisational child care and protection policies.

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Child Maltreatment in Residential Centers: Summing Up

Adrian V. Rus, Sheri R. Parris, Ecaterina Stativa, and Cosmin O. Popa - Child Maltreatment in Residential Care, 03 Aug 2017

This paper is the final chapter of Child Maltreatment in Residential Care, summarizing and analyzing the research presented on child maltreatment in institutions, its impact on children, and prevention and intervention strategies.

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Child Maltreatment in Residential Care: History, Research, and Current Practice

Adrian V. Rus, Sheri R. Parris, and Ecaterina Stativa - Springer, 03 Aug 2017

The 24 chapters of this book contain research examining the institutionalization of children, child abuse and neglect in residential care, and interventions preventing and responding to violence against children living in out-of-home care settings around the world.

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Child Neglect in Guyana

ChildLinK with support from Guyana Childcare & Protection Agency, the European Union and Family for Every Child, 01 Aug 2017

This study, commissioned by ChildLinK, critically examines the factors of child neglect by caregivers in Guyana and offers recommendations for key stakeholders across various disciplines.

Thoughts on public policy to increase family-based care and decrease institutional care

Gary W. Newton - Child Abuse & Neglect , 01 Aug 2017

This article highlights the challenges to reforming care policy and provides recommendations for those working to create policies that increase family-based care and decrease institutional care at the national level.

Argentina introduces a law of supported independent living for adolescents and young people without parental care

Mariana Incarnato - Doncel, 25 Jul 2017

This document describes the Support Program for Young People Ageing Out without Parental Care, Argentine National Law 27.364, adopted unanimously by The Senate and Chamber of Deputies of Argentina on May 31, 2017.

Rescue, red tape, child abduction, illicit adoptions, and discourse: Intercountry adoption attitudes in Spain

Beatriz San Román & Karen S Rotabi - International Social Work , 24 Jul 2017

This study investigated how adoptive and prospective adoptive parents in Spain deal with signs of fraud and corruption within the intercountry adoption process, illuminating the dismissal of the systemic failures of intercountry adoption and the rights of birth families.

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Taking culture seriously: Can we improve the developmental health and well-being of Australian Aboriginal children in out-of-home care?

S. Raman, S. Ruston, S. Irwin, P. Tran, P. Hotton & S. Thorne - Child: Care, Health and Development , 23 Jul 2017

This study sought to identify child, carer, and intervention characteristics that contribute to child wellbeing for Aboriginal children in out-of-home care in Australia. The article also identifies enablers and barriers to providing trauma-informed and culturally competent care to Aboriginal children.

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What is Really Wrong with Serious Case Reviews?

Michael Preston-Shoot - Child Abuse Review, 20 Jul 2017

Concern about the effectiveness of Serious Case Reviews for generating improvements in child protection in England led to proposals in the Wood review to replace the current system with rapid local learning inquiries and a national system of learning from significant incidents. This article challenges both the analysis in the Wood review and the proposals themselves.

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The fostering system in England: Evidence review

Mary Baginsky, Sarah Gorin and Claire Sands - Quest Research and Evaluation Ltd, England Department for Education (Publisher), 17 Jul 2017

Commissioned by England's Department for Education, this review of the fostering system in England provides a look into the details of the foster care system, how it functions and how children in care are impacted by it, and identifies gaps and areas for improvement.

Country Care Review: Romania

Better Care Network , 13 Jul 2017

This country care review includes the care-related Concluding Observations adopted by the Committee on the Rights of the Child during the seventy-fifth session (15 May 2017 - 02 Jun 2017) of the Convention on the Rights of the Child.