The objective of this paper is to examine the situation of orphans and vulnerable children (OVC) in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania in existing alternative care systems and explore the treatment of OVC in these systems.

This article from the Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies journal presents lessons learned from a RISE Learning Network learning project focused on monitoring (M&E Learning Project) and aimed to generate understanding of approaches and tools that could effectively monitor children and families’ reintegration outcomes. The mid- and end-term reviews of the M&E Learning Project have captured lessons learned on how practitioners can approach monitoring of reintegration to mainstream it into their programme cycle.

This video highlights the work of JJ's Children's Home (funded by a US-based organization called Heaven's Family) in their journey to transition from institutional care of children to family-based care, with the support of SFAC and ACCIR's Kinnected program, reintegrating children into their families or placing them in kinship and foster care.

This report is a review of the social service workforce in eight countries: Djibouti, Iran, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco, Palestine, Sudan and Tunisia.

This chapter highlights the key assumptions underlying Randomized Control Trials (RCTs) and illustrates them with regard to the practice of RCTs in the realm of child and adolescent development.

The purpose of this commentary is to reflect on the utility and possible application of the suggestions and study designs in this special issue to real‐life intervention studies in dynamic context settings.

This Practitioner Brief from the the Coordinating Comprehensive Care for Children (4Children) project presents key learning and recommendations from the Keeping Children in Healthy and Protective Families (KCHPF) project in Uganda, which supported the reintegration of children living in residential care back into family care through the provision of a household-based parenting program, individualized case management support and a reunification cash grant aimed at strengthening the reintegration process.

This study provides an illustration of a research design complementary to randomized controlled trial to evaluate program effects, namely, participatory peer research (PPR). The PPR described in current study was carried out in a small sample (N = 10) of young adults with mild intellectual disabilities (MID) and severe behavioral problems [in residential care in the Netherlands].

This report provides a summary of research methodology and details of meetings and data collection from an October 2017 research visit to understand the current child welfare system in Cambodia, in particular the role and function of the Government residential care institutions (RCIs). The report presents findings and recommendations for pathways forward for government-led foster care development.

This article summarises how genetically informed research designs can help disentangle genetic from environmental processes underlying psychopathology outcomes for children, and how this evidence can provide improved insights into the development of more effective preventive intervention targets for adoptive and foster families.

Looked after and adopted children are among the most vulnerable in our society and it is well established that they present with a higher prevalence of mental health problems than children who live with their birth family. This article presents a case study of a 15-year-old boy whose severe difficulties were understood and formulated in terms of ‘attachment problems’ for many years.

This guidance, which was developed for businesses and other organisations required to report under Australia's Modern Slavery Act 2018, offers a case study on orphanage trafficking as well as information on orphanage trafficking as a form of modern slavery and how entities can identify it in their operations and supply chains.

Removal of a baby from his or her mother at the time of birth, when child protection issues are suspected, is know as an Assumption of Care (AoC). This research explored childbearing women's experiences of an AoC at birth. It sought to understand individual women's stories, how they made sense of of the experiences and how these experiences framed their lives.

This study had two aims: first, it sought to test whether Children and young persons (CYPs) who entered residential care with higher level-of-care (LoC) scores on the Child and Adolescent Needs and Strengths (CANS) tool, indicative of higher needs or more intensive services required, were more likely to experience a critical incident. Second, it aimed to test the various needs separately with the occurrence of critical incidents to delineate the impact of each individual need on critical incident.

The present review sought to address the following questions: What evidence is there that long-term, family-based out-of-home care (OOHC) has a general, population-wide effect on children’s mental health such that it is generally reparative or generally harmful? Does entry into long-term OOHC affect children’s mental health, as evidenced by prospective changes over the first years in care? And, is the reparative potential of long-term, family-based OOHC moderated by children’s age at entry into care?

This study examined stakeholder views on the key elements and challenges of youth participation in policy advocacy in the context of a US multi-state current and former foster care youth coalition.

This study sought to analyze the executive functions of a sample of 43 Spanish foster children aged between five and nine years (M = 7.51, SD = 1.29), using a caregiver-reported questionnaire.

This article describes CONCEPT, a multi‐year initiative to enhance capacity of the US state of Connecticut's child welfare system (CWS) to provide trauma‐informed care.

Since failed reunification is a detrimental outcome for children, particularly infants and toddlers, the aim of this study was to gain insight into support to families in multiple-problem situations in the Netherlands to help them achieve sustainable good-enough parenting.

This article reports on an exploratory study about maintaining and supporting the cultural identity of children from culturally and linguistically diverse family backgrounds in foster care placements.

This study is based on diaries maintained by three social workers in relation to 15 families that were the subject of interventions by the child protective services in Sweden.

For this legal note, four experienced attorneys who have litigated many child protection cases were asked about the alleged overreaching that US Child Protective Services (CPS) effectuates by improperly removing a child from its parent(s), seemingly without sufficient cause.

The authors of this article aimed to perform a systematic review of the literature to describe the health status of refugee children on entering reception countries in Europe.

This review synthesises and examines the limited published literature on the impact of traumatic refugee experiences on the mental health and development of Unaccompanied Refugee Minors (URMs).

The aim of this review is to analyse the existing published studies regarding these caregivers’ relationships, with a focus on programs in South Asia.

In this article, institutions in Russia, China, Ghana, and Chile are described with reference to the circumstances that lead to children’s institutionalization, resident children’s social-emotional relationships, and unique characteristics of each country’s institutional care (e.g., volunteer tourism in Ghana, and shifting demographics of institutionalized children in China).

This study seeks to address a number of important questions with regard to children in public care, commonly referred to in the UK as ‘looked-after’ children.

This chapter argues that poverty per se should never constitute the basis for removing children from their parents and seeks to understand the British situation, in order to see how poverty is treated in relation to child welfare in Britain.

The objective of this study was to compare the outcomes for the Neuro-Physiological Psychotherapy (NPP) intervention group to those of a control group.

This article presents the perspectives of three authors - who have collective experience in administration, practice, and research in both systems - on the interaction between the adult corrections system and the child welfare system in the USA and the implications of this interaction for children with incarcerated parents.

This study investigated whether information regarding parents' response to an attachment-based intervention impacted placement decisions and agreement among decision makers.

This study examined quality of life and associated factors in a random sample of 225 children and adolescents placed in foster family homes.

The aim of this study was to document the health needs of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children and adolescents in OOHC attending the paediatric service at the Victorian Aboriginal Health Service (VAHS) between February 2014 and February 2016.

This online course on implicit bias was developed by the Center for the Study of Social Policy (CSSP) and the Kirwan Institute for the Study of Race & Ethnicity to aid practitioners in understanding and addressing racial bias in the US child protection system.

This article examines whether children under age five whose household receives remittances are more likely to utilize higher quality healthcare providers than those without remittances in Cambodia, a country with high rates of migration and a pluralistic health system.

Using a case study approach, this article will review a pre-college summer program designed specifically for youth transitioning from foster care, the National Social Work Enrichment Program (NSEP).

This study from Innovative Issues and Approaches in Social Sciences examined perceptions and practices of domestic adoption in Adama City in Oromia/Ethiopia. The study reveals that people’s perception towards adoption practice, adoptive parents and children is mixed; it could be positive and encouraging or negative and discouraging.

In the present study, focused on Latin American migrant women, transnational ties are considered a protective factor of family functioning, conditioned by premigratory variables. The working hypothesis is that increased frequency of reunited mothers' communication with and remittances to their children during the period of separation prior to the reunion will be linked to better communication, cohesion, flexibility, satisfaction, and family resources, according to the reunited mothers' perception.

The aim of this module from the book Rights-based Integrated Child Protection Service Delivery Systems is to review the service delivery systems for welfare, protection and justice for children in India.

This report presents the findings of research conducted by Child Soldiers International to assess the effectiveness of release, psychosocial recovery and reintegration interventions (commonly referred to as ‘DDR’) for girls associated with armed groups in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC).

According to this research, the unintended consequences of limited housing pathways puts Indigenous women at significant risk of having their children removed by Child Protection. The research examines how housing and other service responses need to be improved to meet the needs of Aboriginal individuals and families in the aftermath of domestic and family violence.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the recommending of contact in special guardianship cases, and to provide data on what contact social workers are recommending, the factors they take into consideration, and the reasons for their decisions.

The aim of this module from the book Rights-based Integrated Child Protection Service Delivery Systems is to learn about children in specific situations of emergency and the need for Integrated Child Protection Centres to provide rights-based services for them at primary, secondary and tertiary levels of prevention.

The purpose of this paper is to address how young unaccompanied refugees in Norway actively engage in interpersonal relationships.

This dissertation study aimed to describe and understand adolescent girls’ subjective experiences of life in an after-care facility after transitioning out of institutionalized care in Delhi, India.

The aim of this module from the book Rights-based Integrated Child Protection Service Delivery Systems is to learn about the child protection services needed during armed conflicts.

The aim of this module from the book Rights-based Integrated Child Protection Service Delivery Systems is to learn about children and families at risk and the need for rights-based Integrated Child Care and Support Centres.

The aim of this module from the book Rights-based Integrated Child Protection Service Delivery Systems is to learn about the need for rights-based support services for children and families at risk in specific situations.