Standards of Care

Standards of care are approved criteria for measuring and monitoring the management, provision and quality of child care services and their outcomes. Such standards are required for all child care provision, including day care, kinship, foster and institutional care.

Standards should be concrete and observable sets of indicators which describe what good practice means in terms of outcomes for the child, how a service should be delivered, and the actions required by staff. They should be guided by the rights and best interests of the child, the preservation of the family, and the promotion of the child’s development.

Standards of care should be in line with national child care and protection policies, and reflect international standards for children’s rights. The development, monitoring and evaluation of standards should be participatory, and reflect the views of children and families who are using the services.

Standards should give indicators relating to all aspects of child care from the child’s physical and emotional well-being to staff and organisational procedures. This includes the child’s diet, access to health and education, and play and recreational facilities. Standards should outline the methods of care and control, and ensure that services are accessible and promote the child’s health. Standards should specify the rights of children to privacy, informed choices, dignity and respect. Standards relating to staff should include recruitment and selection procedures, regular supervision, support, and training. Procedural standards include the maintenance of records, respect for confidentiality, and accountability mechanisms.

The literature in this section focuses on examples of organisational standards for child care provision.

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All Children Count: A Baseline Study of Children in Institutional Care in Malawi

The Ministry of Gender, Children, and Community Development of Malawi; Centre for Social Research (CSR) of the University of Malawi; UNICEF Malawi, 31 Aug 2011

This study commissioned by the Ministry of Gender, Children, and Community Development and financially and technically supported by UNICEF and the Better Care Network, describes the situation of children in institutional care in Malawi.

Standards and Guidelines for the Care, Support and Protection of Orphans and Vulnerable Children

Ministry of Social Affairs, Veterans and Youth Rehabilitation , 01 Aug 2011

This document provides minimum standards and guidelines for service providers who work with orphans and vulnerable children (OVC) in Cambodia.

Nigerian National Guidelines on Standards of Practice for Orphans and Vulnerable Children

Federal Ministry of Women's Affairs and Social Development , 31 Jan 2011

Guidelines developed to assure and improve the quality of services for the well being, protection and development of orphans and vulnerable children in Nigeria

Indonesia: National Standards of Care For Child Welfare Institutions

Ministry of Social Affairs the Republic of Indonesia , 2011

Indonesia’s National Standards of Care for Child Welfare Institutions is a crucial policy instrument, drafted in response to the recommendations of the United Nations Committee on the Rights of the Child, regulating the provision of alternative care for children.

Adoption: UK National Minimum Standards

Department for Education, UK, 2011

This document contains the UK National Minimum Standards (NMS) applicable to the provision of adoption services.

Minimum Package of Services for Orphans and Other Vulnerable Children and Youth

Southern African Development Community, 2011

The Minimum Package is a guide to encourage the harmonizing of service delivery for Orphans and Other Vulnerable Children and Youth (OVCY) across the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region.

Ghana: National Plan of Action for Orphans and Vulnerable Children

Government of Ghana , 20 Dec 2010

The development of Ghana’s three year National Plan of Action for Orphans and Vulnerable Children (OVC) is to complement and reinforce existing legislature and other social policies for vulnerable groups. The OVC NPA framework sets out time bound goals and objectives and serves as a framework for providing care and support to vulnerable children in care institutions.

Cambodia Country Report: Poverty alleviation with a focus on vulnerable peoplethrough strengthening collaboration between the social welfare and health services

Ministry of Health and Ministry of Social Affairs, Veterans and Youth Rehabilitation, 01 Aug 2010

This report from the Cambodian Ministry of Health and Ministry of Social Affairs, Veterans and Youth Rehabilitation outlines the efforts of the Cambodian government to address the needs of vulnerable people.

Family engagement: Bulletin for professionals

Child Welfare Information Gateway, 01 Jun 2010

Family engagement is the foundation of good casework practice that promotes the safety, permanency, and well-being of children and families in the US child welfare system. This brief offers information to help State child welfare managers improve family engagement across program areas.

Guidelines for the Alternative Care of Children - Arabic

UN General Assembly A/RES/64/142, 24 Feb 2010

The Guidelines for the Alternative Care of Children were endorsed by the United Nations General Assembly on 20th November 2009, in connection with the 20th anniversary of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child. This momentous day marked a culmination of years of discussions and negotiations led by the Government of Brazil, in partnership with Group of Friends and civil society.