Parenting Support

Families will require support when faced with problems they are unable to overcome on their own. Ideally support should come from existing networks, such as extended family, religious leaders, and neighbours. Where such support is not available or sufficient, additional family and community services are required. Such services are particularly important for kinship, foster and adoptive caretakers, and child headed households in order to prevent separation and address abuse and exploitation of children. It is also vital for children affected by HIV/AIDS and armed conflict, and those children living on the street.

Parenting support services are typically provided by social and community paraprofessionals. They focus on the individual needs of a child or family, in order to address and overcome issues which may lead to family separation or harm to the child. Such services should be provided within the context of case planning, beginning with an assessment of the child and family situation. By assessing the need first, an appropriate set of services can be offered, such as day care provision, parenting support, household economic strengthening, or psychosocial referral.

Day care services are particularly important for caretakers who are overwhelmed as a result of ill health, cannot provide adaquate care because they need to work, or who are isolated within the community. It provides an excellent opportunity for children to socialise with others, and can offer additional protection and education.

Parenting support provides caretakers with an opportunity to talk about their difficulties, and learn additional techniques for meeting their child’s developmental and relationship needs. It can enable caretakers to cope with behavioural problems, and address abusive parenting techniques, thereby reducing the need for family separation and improving the incidence of successful family reunification.

The literature in this section contains information on family support programmes for vulnerable children, including day care and parenting support.

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Factors that predict child welfare caseworker referrals to an evidence-based parenting program

Christina Myers, Antonio Garcia, Rinad Beidas, Zixiaojie Yang - Children and Youth Services Review, 07 Jan 2020

This study examined whether caseworker demographic factors, attitudes towards evidence-based practices (EBPs) and organizational factors predict caseworker referrals. Relying upon tenets of the Theory of Planned Behavior, this study also examined whether intention to refer predicts caseworker referrals to an EBP.

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Parenting challenges of African immigrants in Alberta, Canada

Bukola Salami, Dominic A. Alaazi, Philomina Okeke‐Ihejirika, Sophie Yohani, Helen Vallianatos, Brittany Tetreault, Christina Nsaliwa - Child & Family Social Work, 02 Jan 2020

In this paper, the authors report the results of a study examining parenting challenges among a sample of African immigrant parents in Alberta, Canada.

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State Investments in Head Start to Support At-Risk Children and Families: More Important Than Ever

National Head Start Association, 2020

This brief from Head Start provides an overview of state funding for Head Start, a collection of comprehensive birth to five programs in the U.S. specifically designed to strengthen families, promote school readiness, and improve child health.

Behavioral Change Promotion, Cash Transfers and Early Childhood Development : Experimental Evidence from a Government Program in a Low-Income Setting

Patrick Premand & Oumar Barry - The World Bank, 2020

This paper disentangles the effects of behavioral change promotion from cash transfers to poor households through an experiment embedded in a government program in Niger.

Three Trimesters to Three Years: Promoting Early Development

The Future of Children - Princeton-Brookings, 2020

This issue of the Future of Children focuses on the first years of life starting with in utero experiences.

2019/2020 Prevention Resource Guide

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services’ Children’s Bureau, Child Welfare Information Gateway, and the FRIENDS National Center for Community-Based Child Abuse Prevention, 2020

This Resource Guide offers support to community service providers as they work with parents, caregivers, and children to prevent child maltreatment and promote social and emotional well-being.

Impacts of Positive Parenting Intervention on Stress Management of Mothers Having Children with Intellectual Disability in Birhan Lehetsanat Rehabilitation Center, Addis Ababa

Tadele Zebrea, Belay Tefera, and Bhatara Mohit - European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine, 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the Positive Parenting Program (Triple-P) in enabling mothers to manage stress related to parenting a child with intellectual disability (ID).

Positive Parenting: For Parents/Caregivers and Social Service Workers

Miracle Foundation, 2020

This toolkit is designed for parents/caregivers and the social service workforce guiding them. It provides practical tips that can be implemented quickly and mini lessons on topics of importance to anyone raising or supporting a child.

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Parenting Practices and Socioeconomic Gaps in Childhood Outcomes

Ariel Kalil and Rebecca Ryan - The Future of Children, 2020

In this article, developmental psychologists Ariel Kalil and Rebecca Ryan examine the relation between parenting practices and socioeconomic gaps in child outcomes.

What Makes an Effective Early Childhood Parenting Programme: a Systematic Review of Reviews and Meta-analyses

Jie Gao, Clare Brooks, Yuwei Xu, Eleanor Kitto - The UCL Institute of Education , 2020

By synthesising the research evidence, this study seeks to address the questions of whether early childhood parenting programmes are effective in improving parenting and enhancing children's development; and which factors of the programme design and implementation contribute to the successful outcomes of parenting programmes.