Children Affected by Armed Conflict and Displacement

Children are especially vulnerable to the effects of war, and frequently represent at least half of the population in a conflict area. They suffer fear and insecurity, and disruption to every aspect of their lives. Children who have been displaced are at an increased risk of sexual and physical violence, disease and malnutrition, and separation from family members. As displaced persons or refugees they may experience severe poverty, abuse, exploitation, and psychosocial distress.

Children without parental care in conflict areas are highly vulnerable to abduction or other forms of recruitment by armed forces and groups. Such children may be used to fight, provide labour or be sexually exploited. Involvement in conflict may result in malnutrition, abuse, addiction to drugs, injury, psychosocial distress or death. While children associated with armed forces and groups make up a small minority of the total number of children affected by war, they are extremely vulnerable and in need of particular protection and care.

Opportunities to help children who have been associated with fighting forces may begin with their escape, capture or formal demobilization. Some may be able immediately to reunite with family members, but others may need interim care during tracing. While children may be readily accepted by their family and community, others risk rejection. Family mediation and community sensitization is needed to support family reunification and community integration. Ongoing monitoring, family support services, and placement planning is necessary where children are not reunited with one or both parents or where family and community acceptance is uncertain.

Community action to protect and support war affected children should be inclusive and not limited to children formally associated with armed forces or any one group of children. National efforts should focus on the reestablishment of essential services, particularly in the areas of security, health and education.

While this section contains resources relevant for all children in conflict affected areas, it focuses on children without parental care, including refugees and displaced children, and children associated with armed forces and groups. It includes information on demobilisation, family reunification and community reintegration.

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Evidence Brief: The Impact of Protection Interventions on Unaccompanied and Separated Children in Humanitarian Crises

Williamson, K., Gupta, P., Gillespie, L.A., Shannon, H. and Landis, D. – Oxfam, 03 Mar 2017

This Evidence Brief provides an overview of the systematic review.

Country Care Review: Georgia

Better Care Network, 03 Feb 2017

The Committee's recommendations on the issues relevant to children's care are highlighted, as well as other care-related concluding observations, ratification dates, and links to the Universal Periodic Review and Hague Intercountry Adoption Country Profile.

A Deadly Journey for Children: The Central Mediterranean Migration Route

UNICEF, 01 Feb 2017

This report from UNICEF shines light on the dangers of the Central Mediterranean Migration Route for children and the particular vulnerability of unaccompanied migrant minors traveling along this route.

Preventing Household Violence: Promising Strategies for Humanitarian Settings

Khudejha Asghar, Beth Rubenstein and Lindsay Stark - Alliance for Child Protection in Humanitarian Action, CPC Learning Network, UNICEF, 01 Feb 2017

This report presents and reviews 43 interventions addressing household violence within the context of humanitarian emergencies, including a range of programs focused on parenting education and support and economic strengthening.

Roadmap to Ending Child Immigration Detention: Milestones to Include in the Global Compacts

Initiative for Child Rights in the Global Compacts, 2017

This roadmap to ending the detention of children in immigration from the Initiative for Child Rights in the Global Compacts outlines the commitments, examples of practice, reference documents, and guidelines for each stage of the strategy from June 2019 to June 2025.

The Inclusion of Unaccompanied Minors in Italy

Marco Catarci, Matilde Rocchi - Education Sciences & Society, 2017

The article explores the inclusion of unaccompanied migrant children reaching Italy without their parents or a legal guardian.

Atlante Minori Stranieri Non Accompagnati in Italia 2017

Save the Children Italy, 2017

This "Atlas" investigates the situation of unaccompanied foreign minors, to have a deeper understanding of the identity, the origin and the life stories of these particularly vulnerable children.

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Psychosocial Care for Unaccompanied Minors in Europe: Is There an Economic Case? Discussion Paper

Italian Society of Traumatic Stress Studies (SISST) in partnership with Terre des Hommes International Federation (TDHIF), SISST and TDHIF as part of the Destination Unknown campaign, 2017

This document aims to provide an overview of the scope of activities of the International Organization for Migration (IOM) in relation to the protection of unaccompanied migrant children and support for this group.

The Effects of Intrastate War and Reintegration on Liberian Child Soldiers: Part II

Rialize Ferreira, Alfred Mutiti - Commonwealth Youth and Development, 2017

The main focus of this article is on the effects of intrastate war and the reintegration of Liberian child soldiers into their families and former communities.

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Special Measures for the Evacuation of Migrant Children: A Reference Checklist

International Organization for Migration (IOM), MICIC, 2017

The Checklist is a part of the toolkit developed by the IOM to provide technical guidance for the operationalization of the MICIC Initiative Guidelines. It is a non-binding compilation of recommended actions to ensure that the specific protection needs of migrant children are taken into consideration during humanitarian evacuations.