Displaying 1 - 10 of 97
Highlights
- Children living with foster families experienced significantly greater trauma (across domains; physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, witnessing domestic violence).
- A strong, positive relationship was found between the number of trauma types experienced and foster placement, with foster children nearly seven times more likely to experience four types of trauma, compared to non-foster children.
- Children living with foster families also experienced significantly greater positive symptoms, risky or problematic sexual behaviour, difficulty…
Externalizing behavior problems are a salient issue in the context of child protection services, where associations with placement stability and caregiving behavior have been documented. Moreover, although research on the association between contact with biological parents and foster child externalizing behavior problems is scarce and has yielded mixed results, several studies have shown links between the two variables. The purpose of this study is to determine the association of face-to-face contact with biological parents and externalized behaviors, while taking into account placement…
Externalizing behavior problems are a salient issue in the context of child protection services, where associations with placement stability and caregiving behavior have been documented. Moreover, although research on the association between contact with biological parents and foster child externalizing behavior problems is scarce and has yielded mixed results, several studies have shown links between the two variables. The purpose of this study is to determine the association of face-to-face contact with biological parents and externalized behaviors, while taking into account placement…
Abstract
The adverse mental health outcomes of youth in-care have been examined from a number of disciplinary perspectives. A sociological approach emphasizes the importance that environmental and social factors play in the development of mental health problems. What remains unknown is the extent to which general strain theory (GST) and self-control theory can explain the mental health outcomes of youth in-care. The sample consists of 1419 youth taken from the 2016 Ontario Looking After Children (OnLAC) project who are between 16 and 17 years of age. Results indicate that having lower…
Abstract
Youth and young adults who previously experienced foster care are prone to negative life events, such as physical injuries, and adverse childhood experiences (ACE), such as abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction. The purpose of the present study was to identify the prevalence of traumatic brain injury (TBI), ACE, and poor sustained attention and the associations of these events in this group of vulnerable persons. Participants completed standardized questionnaires on the prevalence of self-reported TBI (TBI) and ACE and performed the Sustained Attention to…
Abstract
Background:
A review of the scientific literature showed few valid tools for assessing reactive attachment disorder (RAD) and disinhibited social engagement disorder (DSED), two diagnostic entities traditionally grouped under “attachment disorders.” The Early TRAuma-related Disorders Questionnaire (ETRADQ), a caregiver report, was developed to assess attachment disorders in school-age children based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders–Fifth edition criteria. This study sought to validate this instrument.…
Abstract
Racial disparities in child welfare involvement between Black and White children have been well-documented in the United States, but research in this area is relatively underexplored in Canada. Emerging evidence from Canadian studies indicates that Black families are far more likely to be reported for maltreatment concerns, and that these initial disparities persist as families move deeper into the system. Scholars have begun to identify the factors associated with those disparities in Canada, but there is a need for understanding the larger structural and historical context that…
Abstract
This study examines whether increased interaction and observation of young children by school professionals leads to an increase in school-based reports to child welfare authorities and in the identification of child maltreatment victims. Comparing provincial-level data collected before and after full-day kindergarten implementation in Ontario, a doubling in rates of school-referred investigations involving 4- and 5-year-old children was found. There was no significant difference in the rates of maltreatment substantiation, service referrals made or transfers to ongoing services,…
ABSTRACT
Background: The overrepresentation of Black families in child welfare systems across the various geographical locations (e.g. America, Canada, United Kingdom) is a growing concern. There are competing explanations for the causes of overrepresentation and recommendations for eliminating racial disproportionalities and disparities in child welfare system. This systemic scoping review will provide a succinct synthesis of the current literature on Black disproportionality and disparity in child welfare.
Methods/Design: This systemic scoping review will employ Arksey and O’Malley’s…
Abstract
Background
Accidental overdose is a major public health concern in North America with research primarily focused on cisgender men. Little is known about the burden of overdose among marginalised women, particularly in the context of child custody loss. This study aims to examine the prevalence of overdose and the association with child removal in a cohort of marginalised women.
Methods
This study draws on a merged dataset (2010–2018) of two community-based longitudinal cohorts of over 1000 marginalised women in Canada recruited using time-location sampling. After…