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We examine the impact of orphanhood on children’s school enrollment in 10 Sub-Saharan African countries. Although poorer children in Africa are less likely to attend school, the lower enrollment of orphans is not accounted for solely by their poverty. We find orphans are less likely to be enrolled than are non-orphans with whom they live. Consistent with Hamilton’s Rule, the theory that the closeness of biological ties governs altruistic behavior, outcomes for orphans depend on the relatedness of orphans to their household heads. The lower enrollment of orphans is largely explained caregivers…
National estimates of the population of orphans and other vulnerable children (OVC) in developing countries are imperfect. The methodology for those estimates often relies upon demographic models (Bicego etal 2003) rather than censuses or surveys. Where the latter have been used, usually in conjunction with household surveys – such as DHS (Demographic and Health Survey) and MICS (Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey) – conducted for broader purposes, the results re orphans have been inconsistent and widely disparate, while there are no known national efforts to measure the population size of…
Young children (0 to 3 years) placed in institutions are at risk of harm, attachment disorder and developmental delay, including neural atrophy. The neglect and damage caused by early deprivation is equivalent to violence. This project raises awareness about the consequences of early deprivation for children under three years, such as behavioural problems, attachment disorder, and cognitive delay.
This 15-month project aimed to map the number and characteristics of children under three placed in European institutions for more than three months without a parent as this information was…
The HIV/AIDS epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa has already orphaned a generation of children – and now seems set to orphan generations more. Today, over 11 million children under the age of 15 living in sub-Saharan Africa have been robbed of one or both parents by HIV/AIDS. Seven years from now, the number is expected to have grown to 20 million. At that point, anywhere from 15 per cent to over 25 per cent of the children in a dozen sub-Saharan African countries will be orphans – the vast majority of them will have been orphaned by HIV/AIDS. Africa’s Orphaned Generations reports on the…
This article from the Pew Research Center presents statistics on the number of unaccompanied minors seeking asylum in Europe, and the growth in child migration in the past few years.