Child Care and Protection Policies

Child care and protection policies regulate the care of children, including the type of support and assistance to be offered, good practice guidelines for the implementation of services, standards for care, and adequate provisions for implementation. They relate to the care a child receives at and away from home.

States and all organisations with child care programmes should have child care policies which are in line with national legislation and international law, e.g. the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC). In line with the CRC, emphasis should be placed on the child’s best interests, with support to families prioritised in order to prevent family separation. Good gatekeeping mechanisms are essential in ensuring families receive the services they need and are entitled to, and to guard against inappropriate placement into poor care arrangements.

Home-based care, day care, and other family support services are mechanisms for assisting families in providing for the child’s development and, when used appropriately, can prevent child separation. When a child is unable to remain at home, alternative forms of community based care should be prioritised, such as formal kinship care or foster care. The use of institutions should be highlighted as a last and temporary measure. All support and care provisions should outline the referral and admission process, the use of care plans, regular reviews, rehabilitation, and aftercare procedures.

Child protection legislation which recognises that abuse can be physical, emotional, sexual, or neglect, and may be carried out by parents, caretakers, children and other adults is required. All agencies working with children should have written child protection policies which respect the rights of the child. Policies should outline behaviours and actions which are unacceptable, provide standards for the appropriate care of children, and clear guidelines on what procedures to follow and by whom, including reporting mechanisms for suspected abuse to an assigned authority for investigation.

Child care and protection policies require resources and monitoring of standards to ensure their appropriate implementation. Adequate provision and training of child care and social work staff is required to deliver family support services and alternatives forms of child care. All staff working with children should be trained and supervised in providing appropriate care for children, identifying abuse, and responding appropriately.

The literature in this section contains country reports and examples of national and organisational child care and protection policies.

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A Snapshot of Alternative Care Arrangements in Kenya

SOS Children’s Villages International, 2013

This report presents findings from an assessment of Kenya's implementation of the UN Guidelines for the Alternative Care of Children.

Child protection in Italy and Spain: Influence of the family supported society

Jorge F. del Valle, Cinzia Canali, Amaia Bravo, Tiziano Vecchiato, 2013

The article reviews the historical development of out-of-home care in Italy and Spain and compares foster family and residential care, as well as the main research contributions to these topics in both countries.

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LEGE Nr. 140: privind protecţia specială a copiilor aflaţi în situaţie de risc şi a copiilor separaţi de părinţi

Republic of Moldova, 2013

This document present the law on the special protection of children in need at risk and children separated from their parents for Moldova.

Child Welfare Trauma Training Toolkit

Child Welfare Collaborative Group, National Child Traumatic Stress Network, and the California Social Work Education Center, 2013

The USA-based National Child Traumatic Stress Network has recently released a second edition of the Child Welfare Trauma Training Toolkit, which is part of the Child Welfare Trauma Training course. The course assists those in the field of child welfare who wish to learn more about child welfare and trauma.

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World Family Map: Mapping Family Change and Child Well-Being Outcomes

Child Trends , 2013

The World Family Map Project is a new initiative by Child Trends to monitor the health of family life around the globe and to learn more about how family trends affect the well-being of children. Using internationally comparative data for low-, middle-, and high-income countries on key characteristics of families, including family structure, family socioeconomics, family processes, and family culture, the Map looks at trends in 45 countries, representing every region of the world.

Common Ground: UNICEF and World Bank Approaches to Building Social Protection Systems

Laura Rawlings, Human Development Network, World Bank and Sheila Murthy and Natalia Winder, Social Policy and Economic Analysis Unit, UNICEF, 2013

This brief outlines the common ground between the World Bank and UNICEF in their commitment in developing and strengthening social protection systems and calls on other stakeholders to engage collaboratively to build such systems and expand their coverage.

Abandoned babies: the Malaysian ‘baby hatch’

Joan Cochrane & Goh Lee Ming - Infant Vol 9 Issue 4, 2013

This article explores the implementation of a system in Malaysia, where mothers or guardians who choose to abandon their baby are enabled to do so anonymously within a safe environment.

Out of home care in France and Switzerland

Thomas Gabriel, Samuel Keller, Flora Bolter, Marie-Paule Martin-Blachais, Gilles Séraphin, 2013

This article focuses on the structural similarities and dissimilarities that exist between child protection systems in France and Switzerland, as exemplified by the evolutions of the last decade.

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Chronic Neglect: Bulletin for Professionals

Child Welfare Information Gateway, Caren Kaplan , 2013

This Child Welfare Information Gateway bulletin for professionals in the US discusses what chronic neglect is and reviews ways to work with families experiencing chronic neglect, including critical elements of successful casework practice, examples of what agencies are doing, and ways agencies can integrate child welfare approaches to chronic neglect with prevention and early intervention efforts.

Neglect and Serious Case Reviews: A report from the University of East Anglia commissioned by NSPCC

Marian Brandon, Sue Bailey, Pippa Belderson and Birgit Larsson, 2013

This study provides a new contribution to our learning about neglect by exploring the circumstances in which neglect can be catastrophic and have a fatal or seriously harmful outcome for a child. It provides a systematic analysis of neglect in serious case reviews in England, between 2003 and 2011.