Data and Monitoring Tools

Monitoring and research are essential processes in ensuring the relevance and effectiveness of programs, and the scope and type of service provision. They are integral components of analysis, strategic planning, and implementation for government and non-governmental organisations seeking to effect change, support or provide services.

Monitoring is an on-going process of gathering information e.g. statistics and tracking inputs and outputs, enabling the evaluation of what is working, and providing a mechanism for accountability. Combined with research, it facilitates the planning of improved resource allocation and service delivery. Research and monitoring can also help raise awareness of the gravity of a situation, both nationally and internationally. It should help convince those who are putting time, energy and money into supporting programmes that their efforts are worthwhile and should be continued.

Results of monitoring and evaluation should be fed directly back into programmes to correct weaknesses and improve performance. The outcomes of research and monitoring should also help improve child care policies. Results can be used to inform future programme design, prompting a decision to replicate an effective intervention in other areas or to discontinue an intervention because it is expensive and not making any beneficial changes.

The literature in this section provides statistical data on vulnerable children from a wide range of sources, as well as guidance and examples of data collection, indicators, analysis, and research methods regarding issues relating to vulnerable children.

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Education Access and Retention for Educationally Marginalised Children: Innovations in Social Protection

Peter Badcock-Walters, Marelize Görgens, Wendy Heard, Patience Mukwashi, Rose Smart, Jill Tomlinson, and Daniel Wilson, 2005

This paper provides a comprehensive contextual overview of the educational challenges faced by orphans and vulnerable children in sub-Saharan Africa. It includes recommendations for future education policy in the context of HIV and AIDS, as well as provides country specific data on current policies and social protection programs.

TransMonee 2005: Data, Indicators and Features on the Situation of Children in CEE/CIS and Baltic States

UNICEF, 2005

This report examines the social and economic trends and challenges affecting children in CEE/CIS and the Baltic States. Social orphanhood, maternal and infant mortality rates, deaths from accidents and injuries, infectious disease, and low public health expenditures are addressed.

Situational Analysis of Orphans and Children Made Vulnerable by HIV/AIDS in Liberia

Katie Paine and Subah-Belleh Associates, 2005

The first situational analysis of children orphaned or made vulnerable by HIV/AIDS in Liberia that provides baseline information for developing national planning processes for OVCs.

Conditional Cash Subsidies for Children Affected by HIV/AIDS

UNICEF, 2005

Outlines the impact of a pre-pilot conditional cash transfer scheme implemented in Kenya and defines key issues to be considered before moving forward into pilot and national schemes. Short annexes include tools/frameworks to guide implementation.

UNICEF Programming for Psychosocial Support: Frequently Asked Questions

UNICEF, 31 Dec 2004

Helpful resource for defining key terms, issues, and practices in psychosocial support. Contains a short list of recommended tools for support and monitoring of psychosocial support interventions.

Brazil's Bolsa Escola Program: The Role of Local Governance in Decentralized Implementation

Alain de Janvry, Frederico Finan, Elisabeth Sadoulet, Donald Nelson, Kathy Lindert, Benedict de la Briere, and Peter Lanjouw , 31 Dec 2004

Evaluation of the Bolsa Escola Program, which was a Brazilian social services program that provided cash transfers to families provided that their school-aged children would be enrolled in and attending school. Examines how beneficiaries were selected, registered, and monitored. Cites inconsistencies in implementation and roles of municipal governments as significant finding.

Reaching Out to Africa's Orphans: A Framework for Public Action

Kalanidhi Subbarao and Diane Coury, 2004

A detailed book providing evidence-based guidelines for approaches and interventions to best mitigate the various risks confronted by OVC.

Stop Guessing?: A Guide to Monitoring and Evaluation for Community and Faith Based Organizations Working with Children Affected by HIV/AIDS

Kyle Jemison, Joseph Mafara, Emmanuel Makiwa, Matt McGarry, Jennifer Lentfer and Lovemore Tinarwo , 2004

Monitoring and Evaluation and Operations Research guidelines for organizations implementing OVC/Children Affected by AIDS programs.

The Right to Live in a Family and Community: Homes for Children and Teenagers in Brazil

The Research Institute of Applied Economy (IPEA) and the National Council of the Rights of the Child and Adolescent (CONANDA), 2004

This research study provides statistical information on institutional care of children under the age of 12 in Brazil. Interviews with institutions and children are conducted, and reasons for separation from family, length of time in care, status of family relationship, religious orientation and financial support of the institutions are highlighted.

Children in Residential Care: The Zimbabwean Experience

G. Powell, T. Chinake, D. Mudzinge, W. Maambira, and S. Mukutiri, 2004

Analyzes the state of institutional care in Zimbabwe against the national child protection policy. Focuses on the role of donors in the proliferation of institutional care and strategies to better regulate the development and provision of child protection services.