Modelo de Cuidados Alternativos Aplicables en la República de Guatemala
2018
Guatemala
This country page features an interactive, icon-based data dashboard providing a national-level overview of the status of children’s care and care reform efforts (a “Country Care Snapshot”), along with a list of resources and organizations in the country.
demographic_data
16.35 million
Total Population
Census, 2018
6.57 million
People
Total Population Under 18
Estimate
40.19%
Population Under 18
Census, 2018
4.5
People
Mean Household Size
Census, 2018
25.1%
Prevalence of Female-Headed Households
DHS 2014-2015
Upper Middle Income Country
World Bank GNI Status
World Bank, 2019
59.3%
Living Below Poverty Line
Instituto Nacional de Estadística - Guatemala, 2014
48.3
GINI Coefficient
World Bank, 2014
0.651
Human Development Index
UNDP, 2019
childrens_living_arrangement
%
Country
NO SOURCE GIVEN
65.2%
Living with Both Parents
DHS 2014-2015
27.3%
Living with One Parent
DHS 2014-2015
7%
Living with Neither Parent
NO SOURCE GIVEN
%
Effective
NO SOURCE GIVEN
children_living_without_bio
77%
Both Parents Alive
BCN Analysis of 2014-2105 DHS Data
19%
One Parent Dead
BCN Analysis of 2014-2105 DHS Data
4%
Both Parents Dead
BCN Analysis of 2014-2105 DHS Data
54.8%
Children living below poverty line
Pobreza Multidimensional infantil y adolescente en Guatemala: PRIVACIONES A SUPERAR. 2016, ICEFI y UNICEF
5.3%
Children with Disabilities
ENDIS 2016
i
age 2-17
Left Behind Children (Migration)
30,329
children
CIPRODENI, 2019
i
NNA aprehendidos en la frontera sur de EEUU: 30,329
NNA Guatemaltecos retornados: 20,028
Ethnic Minority children
3.01 million
children
Census, 2018
i
Mayan 2,866,111 (age 0-18 / 2018)
Garífuna 7, 280 (age 0-18 / 2018)
Xinka 123,387 (age 0-18 / 2018)
Afromestizo 12,321 (age 0-18 / 2018)
Children affected by HIV
35
children
Informe epidemiológico de VIH del MSPAS 2017
i
age 0-19
Children in conflict with the law
1,131
children
Cuaderno de Debate: Adolescentes en Conflicto con la Ley Penal desde la justicia restaurativa, FLACSO, 2017
i
aged 13-18
0 Families/Parents
0 Children
NO SOURCE GIVEN
0 Families/Parents
0 Children
NO SOURCE GIVEN
Total Family-Based Alternative Care
- - Families/Parents
- - Children
NO SOURCE GIVEN
Foster Care
150 Foster Families/Foster Parents
63 Children
i
150 approved foster families, 63 children approved and placed in 47 families
Information provided via phone call with the Foster Care Program of the SBS, 14 April 2020
Formal Kinship Care
- - Families/Parents
- - Children
NO SOURCE GIVEN
Total Residential Care
- - Settings
- - Children
NO SOURCE GIVEN
Larger Institutions
146 Settings
3,863 Children
i
146 (124 private and 22 public facilitiies) and 4,215 children
National Census of Residential Care Facilities, 2019
Transit Centres/Shelters
1 Settings
- - Children
Secretaría de Bienestar Social de la Presidencia
Lancet Global Study Estimate of Children Living in Institutional Care
10,939 Children
i
Lower Bound: 10811.43
Upper Bound: 11065.58
Desmond, et al, 2020
adoption
NO DATA AVAIABLE
Country
NO SOURCE GIVEN
115
children
Domestic Adoption
Information provided via phone call with the CNA, 28 September 2020
i
From Jan-Sept 2020. 53 completed and 62 in process.
0
children
Inter-country Adoption
NO SOURCE GIVEN
i
Moratorium on intercountry adoption since 2008
NO DATA AVAIABLE
Effective
NO SOURCE GIVEN
94%
Children with Both Parents Alive
DHS
5.2%
Children with One Parent Alive
DHS
0.3%
Children with Both Parents Dead
DHS
Country
NO SOURCE GIVEN
Effective
NO SOURCE GIVEN
% GDP
7
Social Welfare Spending
Ministry of Finance
i
Government spend on social welfare is 6.9% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
% GDP
3
Child Welfare Spending
Instituto Centroamericano de Estudios Fiscales
i
Government spend on child welfare is 3.48% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
%
0
Child Protection Spending
Child Fund. Guatemala: 10 años de inversión en niñez y adolescencia
i
Government spend on child protection is 0.08% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
Alternative Care Policy in Line with the 2009 Guidelines
No
NO SOURCE GIVEN
i
As a “public policy” it does not exist but there are applicable legal mechanisms, such as the Adoption Law and the SBS Agreement that includes the Foster Family program. // Como “política pública” no existe pero sí existen mecanismos legales aplicables, como la Ley de Adopciones y el Acuerdo de la SBS que crea el programa de Familias de Acogimiento Temporal.
Commitment to Deinstitutionalistion
Partly
Consejo Nacional de Adopciones (CNA), 2018; Child Frontiers, 2012
i
1. Pilot plan for deinstitutionalization in Chimaltenago // Plan piloto de desinstitucionalización (DI) en Chimaltenago
2. National Commission of Deinstitutionalization // Comisión Nacional de DI (Plan de DI OJ y PGN)
3. Buckner, with DCOF funds, had a deinstitutionalization (DI) project focused on children under three years of age.
4. Holt International had a DI program in 2008-10 with GHR funds.
Comprehensive Child Protection Law
Yes
Ley de Protección Integral de la Niñez y Adolescencia, 2003
Continuum of Alternative Care Services Available
Partly
NO SOURCE GIVEN
i
Kinship care readily used but informally, foster care exists but very limited
Data System
Limited
NO SOURCE GIVEN
i
Each government body has some type of data collection system but nothing centralized. Changing the Way We Care (CTWWC) has done an internal report on this.
Existence of a Regulatory Body and Regulatory System
Partly
NO SOURCE GIVEN
i
CNA has oversight and responsibility to register private residential care facilities. Four different government bodies have mandates for different roles and responsibilities of the child protection system: Judiciary, Attorney General, Secretariat for Social Welfare and National Adoption Council.
Gatekeeping Mechanism/Policy
Partly
Reglamento de la Procuraduría de Niñez y Adolescencia 56-2018
Means of Tracking Progress with Reforms
Yes
Care System Assessment completed in 2020 and will be used as a baseline
i
Using the Care System Assessment, to be finalized
Moratorium on Admission into Institutions for Children Under 3
No
NO SOURCE GIVEN
Moratorium on New Institutions
No
NO SOURCE GIVEN
National Action Plan to Guide Reforms
No
NO SOURCE GIVEN
National Standards of Care
Limited
Standards for Residential Care, Consejo Nacional de Adopciones (CNA)
i
There are 15 standards in CNA
Prevention of Separation Services Available
No
NO SOURCE GIVEN
i
Programa de Madres en Conflicto con su Maternidad del Consejo Nacional de Adopciones
Support for Careleavers (in Legislation and in Practice)
No
NO SOURCE GIVEN
Legislation Governing Children's Care
Yes
Ley de Protección Integral de la Niñez y Adolescencia, Decreto 27-2003; Ley de Adopciones 77-2007
key_stakeholders
Key Stakeholders
Add New DataCountry
Government
i
Formulación, coordinación y ejecución de las Políticas Públicas de Protección Integral de la Niñez y Adolescencia // Formulate, coordinate and execute public policy as it relates to child protection
i
Representar legalmente a los NNA Ley de Protección de Niñez y Adolescencia, Decreto 27-2003. Artículo 108 // Legal representative of children and adolescents as per Decree 27-2003, Article 108
i
Garantiza los derechos de los NNA en el Proceso de Protección Ley de Protección de Niñez y Adolescencia, Decreto 27-2003. Artículo 103 // Guarantor of children's rights in child protection cases as per Decree 27-2003, Article 103
i
Responsable de reestablecer los derechos de NNA a desarrollarse integralmente en un ambiente permanente a través de la preservación en su familia biológica o la integración en una familia adoptiva Ley de Adopciones, Decreto 77.2017 // Responsible for all matters concerning adoption and oversight of private residential care homes as per the Adoption Law.
i
Responsable de dotar de servicios básicos orientados a mejorar las condiciones de vida de los NNA // Responsible for the provision of basic services to children with the aim of improving life conditions.
i
Facilitar que los estudiantes construyan aprendizajes pertinentes a su contexto sociocultural y relevantes al desarrollo psicobiosocial. // Responsible for the provision of education to all children.
i
Le corresponde formular las políticas y hacer cumplir el régimen jurídico relativo a la salud // Responsible for formulating and executing public policy related to public health
Civil Society Organisations
i
Christian-based network of protection homes
i
Private NGO serving female victims of trafficking,. Strong advocacy presence
i
Network for the articulation of efforts of 11 Non-Governmental Organizations committed to the defense, promotion and protection of the Rights of Girls, Boys and Adolescents
i
Non-profit association dedicated to the care, protection and guarantee of the human rights of children and adolescents.
i
Faith based organization providing temporary care for young women but also providing reintegration services
i
Provider of residential care
i
Faith-based provider of care.
i
Global NGO expert on child health, education and protection
Effective
Other Relevant Reforms
Add New DataEffective
NO SOURCE GIVEN
Child Protection
i
Iniciativa de Ley No. 52-85 Congreso de la República de Guatemala
Source: Congreso de la República de Guatemala
Decentralisation
i
Iniciativa de Ley No. 52-85 Congreso de la República de Guatemala
Source: Congreso de la República de Guatemala
Migration
i
Código de Migración, Decreto 44-2006
Source: Congreso de la República de Guatemala
Education
Source: MINEDUC
i
Ley de Educación Especial 59-2007
drivers_of_institutionalisation
Drivers of Institutionaliziation
Add New DataCountry
Push Factors
"Riesgo Social"
i
From the National Census of Residential Care Facilities, 2019. These are the top ten reasons for placement found in the children's files. "Riesgo social" is open to interpretation but often is a "catch all" for poverty or violence.
Neglect
i
From the National Census of Residential Care Facilities, 2019. These are the top ten reasons for placement found in the children's files.
Sexual Abuse
i
From the National Census of Residential Care Facilities, 2019. These are the top ten reasons for placement found in the children's files.
Abandonment
i
From the National Census of Residential Care Facilities, 2019. These are the top ten reasons for placement found in the children's files.
Family and Economic Situation
i
From the National Census of Residential Care Facilities, 2019. These are the top ten reasons for placement found in the children's files.
Violation of Rights
i
From the National Census of Residential Care Facilities, 2019. These are the top ten reasons for placement found in the children's files.
Orphanhood
i
From the National Census of Residential Care Facilities, 2019. These are the top ten reasons for placement found in the children's files.
Maltreatment
i
From the National Census of Residential Care Facilities, 2019. These are the top ten reasons for placement found in the children's files.
Violence
i
From the National Census of Residential Care Facilities, 2019. These are the top ten reasons for placement found in the children's files.
"Convenio"
i
From the National Census of Residential Care Facilities, 2019. These are the top ten reasons for placement found in the children's files.
Effective
key_research_and_information
Key Data Sources
Add New DataCountry
Prevalence and number of children living in institutional care: global, regional, and country estimates
06 Mar 2020
Reglamento de la Procuraduría de la Niñez y la Adolescencia de la Procuraduría General de la Nación
08 May 2018
Revisión del gasto público asociado al cuidado de la niñez y adolescencia en Guatemala (2015 - 2019)
01 Jul 2020
Effective
Acknowledgements
Data for this country care snapshot was contributed by a consultant with Maestral International and partners at Changing the Way We Care.
Displaying 1 - 10 of 112
These two case studies focus on kinship care: one describes kinship care in the Kenya context and the other describes family-based alternative care in Guatemala, including kinship care. They are meant to help practitioners better understand the practical implications of kinship and other forms of family-based alternative care and inform similar work in other contexts. These case studies have been produced by Changing the Way We CareSM, a global initiative implemented by Catholic Relief Services and Maestral International, and other global, national and local partners working together to change the way we care for children around the world.
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Informed by a case review of 36 Guatemalan children supported to reintegrate into families, and interviews with social workers and psychologists engaged in the process, this article explores the role of the “community connectedness” wellbeing domain. The authors explore how community connectedness or lack thereof, can contribute to child and parent/caregiver wellbeing and successful reintegration—the different types of community connectedness and who/what was involved in establishing and fostering these connections.
Este gráfico está destinado a los profesionales que trabajan en los organismos gubernamentales y las organizaciones no gubernamentales que participan en diferentes aspectos del sistema de protección y atención, pero específicamente en el apoyo a la reunificación, y detalla las funciones y responsabilidades específicas de quienes participan en este proceso en Guatemala y cómo deben coordinarse.
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This graphic is intended for use by professionals working within government agencies and non-governmental organizations in Guatemala engaged in different aspects of the protection and care system but specifically in support of reunification. It details specific roles and responsibilities of those engaged in this process in Guatemala and how they should coordinate.
File
This two-pager highlights 2018-2020 results of the The Changing the Way We Care℠ (CTWWC) initiative for decision makers, government officials, media, other institutions or organizations working with children and adolescents, and private and public counterparts. CTWWC was formed in 2018 to transform care systems and demonstrate sustainable change at scale in 5 to 7 countries, including Guatemala, Kenya, Moldova, India, and Haiti. In Guatemala and around the world, more than 80-90% of children and adolescents living in orphanages (referred to as “protection homes” in Guatemala) have at least one living parent.
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Esta ruta fue aprobada por la Secretaría de Bienestar Social para ser utilizada en Zacapa por los trabajadores sociales y psicólogas que están involucrados en el proceso de manejo de caso para la reintegración de los niños y niñas del cuidado residencial hacia el cuidado familiar. Esta diseñada para apoyar la celeridad de los procesos y atención a casos.
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Case Management Procedures for Reunification and Reintegration of Children and Adolescents into Family and Community-based Care was developed together with Secretary of Social Welfare (SBS), the Office of the Child and Youth Advocate (PNA), Guatemala’s Attorney General (PGN), the Judicial Branch (OJ), the National Council of Adoptions (CNA), ASOCRIGUA and Hogar Aldeas de Esperanza. It was informed by Changing the Way We Care’s work in Kenya on the Caseworker’s Guidebook: Case Management for Reintegration of Children into Family or Community-Based Care, adapted to the Guatemalan context.
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El mecanismo de prevención de la separación familiar innecesaria entre Cambiando la forma en que CuidamosSM y la Procuraduría General de la Nación, es un informe que resume la experiencia de Cambiando la forma en que CuidamosSM Guatemala en la implementación de una ruta de prevención de la separación familiar innecesaria con una entidad de gobierno responsable de velar por el cumplimiento de derechos de los NNA, este procedimiento fue realizado con el objetivo de evitar la separación familiar innecesaria a través del seguimiento del caso y la derivación a servicios sociales y especializados, el informe también narra la experiencia en la implementación de juntas técnicas de análisis de caso para determinar el mejor interés para los NNA y familias, este informe está dirigido a profesionales que trabajan con niñes y adolescencia y que están interesados en implementar procedimientos para cerrar la puerta de entrada al cuidado residencial.
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"This story, split between Guatemala and Florida, offers a firsthand look at the continuing trauma of the Trump administration’s 'zero tolerance' separation policy," says the New York Times.
Este seminario web es el segundo de una serie de la Plataforma de colaboración global Transforming Children's Care. En el seminario web, Philip Goldman de Maestral International presentó una nueva guía sobre gasto público y cuidado de los niños producida por Changing the Way We Care, que está diseñada para fortalecer la capacidad de las agencias gubernamentales en países de bajos recursos para preparar un marco presupuestario sólido.