The present study aimed to study the aggression and internalizing behavioural problems among orphan and non-orphan children in Kashmir.

This scoping review adopts a descriptive focus to compile and analyze those studies published between 2007 and 2017 that have assessed the impact of situations of vulnerability or institutionalization on linguistic and communicative development.

This article presents findings and recommendations from the first year of a two-year evaluation of the Local Interagency Network for Children and Family Services (LINCS) program, a part of the Shasta County Department of Social Services in northern California.

This report presents the results of an evaluation of the Partnering for Family Success (PFS) program, which was conceived as an innovative intervention to address the particular needs of housing unstable families who had a child in the custody of the county child welfare agency.

This study examines the effects of child welfare, mental health, and drug/alcohol system experiences on jail involvement, as mediated by juvenile justice placement, for Black and White youth/young adults.

The purpose of this study was to examine associations between child protection involvement and 3rd- and 5th-grade reading and numeracy attainment, while controlling multiple other adversities.

This article provides recommendations for adapting the pediatric medical home (PMH) model for health care needs of youth in foster care.

This article tracks the history of foster care licensing requirements in the U.S. state of Minnesota, discusses the real-life story of a grandmother with a grandchild placed in foster care, explains the federal mandates established through the Adam Walsh Act, discusses the existing flaws in the process, and highlights the ways in which Minnesota’s current statutory scheme and processes disproportionally impact communities of color.

The aim of this study was to assess the evidence of the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of Intensive Family Preservation Services (IFPS) in reducing the need for children to enter out-of-home care.

The purpose of this study was to address the gap in the literature on the full spectrum of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) attributes and symptoms for children living in nonkinship foster homes versus kinship foster homes, as well as examine the benefits and limitations of children placed in kinship and nonkinship foster homes.

The authors of this study introduce a new construct, birth family thoughts, that captures a sense of curiosity about birth family for adopted individuals, and describe the development of an accompanying brief self-report measure, the Birth Family Thoughts Scale (BFTS).

This report presents results from a survey administered to graduates of the Child Protection in Emergencies Professional Development Programme (CPiE PDP) in the Middle East and Eastern Europe region to evaluate if and how the CPiE PDP has influenced their professional development and to what extent the graduates have practiced what they have learned.

The primary aim of this chapter is to outline the significance of trauma in the lives of parents involved in the child protection system who are sent for forensic psychological evaluations.

This report is the second in a series of reports exploring the economic consequences and issues for youth aging out of care in British Columbia, Canada. The purpose of this second phase report is to describe and, to the extent possible, provide estimates of the magnitude of these costs.

This series of reports offers important new insights into the economic consequences and issues for youth aging out of care in British Columbia, Canada.

This report is the third and final in a series of reports exploring the economic consequences and issues for youth aging out of care in British Columbia, Canada. The purpose of the report is to estimate the incremental costs of support measures that can improve outcomes and to compare these costs to the benefits they may generate.

This briefing gives a very broad overview of the legislative framework for child protection in England.

This document outlines the partnership between the Victorian Government, Victorian Aboriginal communities and the child and family services sector.

This case study seeks to summarise the policy priorities of the four UK nations for care leavers, review outcomes for which data is publicly available, and discuss a number of areas where policy differences can be identified.

The following evaluation looks at a dialectical behavioural therapy (DBT) skills group implemented with young females in a Scottish residential service.

This paper invites the reader to imagine residential child and youth care as having a central connection to experiential nature-based therapies across rural and urban settings.

In Australia, the emerging model of child welfare policy and practice emphasises 'permanency and lifelong connections with birth families'.

This article presents the findings of the qualitative study on the personal change of foster parents carried out in Lithuania, which reveals the subjective experience of informal learning of the foster parents fostering a non-relative child.

The present study investigated the relationship of current foster parents’ communication with his/her foster child on foster parents’ perceptions of relational and child well-being.

The aim of this study was to estimate global-level, regional-level, and country-level numbers and percentages of children living in institutional care.

The purpose of this phase 1 report is to document what is known about the resulting educational attainment, economic, social and wellness outcomes for youth aging out of care as compared to the general population in British Columbia, Canada.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the emotional and behavioral problems of children living in child care institutions (CCIs) in Kandy District, Sri Lanka, and to explore associated factors.

This study examined the effects of left-behind experience on college students’ mental health and compared the prevalence of mental health problems in left-behind students and control students (without left-behind experience) in China.

In this paper a cross-sectional study was conducted in a common rural village in China to examine the amelioration effect of social support for left-behind children (LBC).

The authors of this article investigated the associations of individual- and family-related factors with psychological distress in a sample of left-behind children (LBC) aged 10–15 using logistic regression. A total of 954 LBC were included in the study.

There is limited understanding related to the role of community‐based centres in reducing social exclusion and isolation, so the aim of this research was to explore the role one family centre had in improving social inclusion in a deprived community in Glasgow, Scotland.

This study aims to explore how young migrants in kinship care in a Swedish suburb describe what different places mean to them and what these descriptions can tell us about their sense of belonging.

The premise of this paper is that Indigenous peoples are multiplicatively oppressed and that these intersecting sites of oppression increase the risk of Indigenous peoples in Canada becoming homeless. The study found that Indigenous identity, involvement in the child welfare system, and level of educational achievement were all significantly associated with experiences of hidden and visible homelessness.

This systematic review of qualitative research aimed to identify and synthesise the findings of relevant studies that documented the experiences of children in care in regard to their school experiences.

In this study, the authors aim to help clarify the pathway from parental supervisory neglect to peer victimization through the mediating roles of self-esteem and internalizing problems among adolescents in South Korea.

This paper examines the role that household surveys – such as the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) and the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS) – can play in increasing our understanding of the influence of living arrangements on children’s vulnerability, care, and well-being.

This study uses data from the National Study of Child and Adolescent Well-Being II (NSCAW II) to examine the relationship between separation from siblings in out-of-home care and subsequent offending behavior in adolescence.

This practice paper focuses on improving cross-sectoral relationships between child protection and child and family welfare practitioners, who are often required to work together to keep children and families safe.

In this study, autobiographical memory tests, working memory, and a depressive symptom assessment were administered to 48 adolescents in care with a history of maltreatment (22 abused and 26 neglected) without mental disorder, who had been removed from their family and were living in residential child care, and to 61 adolescents nonmaltreated who had never been placed in care.

This paper describes how experiencing maternal death affects the psychosocial wellbeing of orphaned youth who left school before completing high school.

The authors of this study aimed to evaluate a screening programme for infection in unaccompanied asylum seeking children and young people against national guidance and to describe the rates of identified infection in the cohort.

This briefing provides information on two separate but related topics concerning looked after children in England: out of area and distant placements and unregulated and unregistered accommodation

This article presents a ten-year service evaluation of the Adolescent Multi-Agency Specialist Service (AMASS), an edge of care service based within Islington Children’s Services.

This study offers ideas that would guarantee the safety of children within the informal foster care net in Nigeria. The authors investigated informal foster care practice in two local government areas of Anambra State, Nigeria using Key Informant Interviews (KIIs).

This paper examines the inter-relationship between the rights to protection and to participation that are embodied in the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child.

This article describes a trauma-informed and integrated child welfare model, including information about its development, structure and organization, and programs. It concludes with a discussion of lessons learned and remaining challenges. 

In this pilot study, sixteen youth between ages 18 and 20 participated in semi-structured interviews, support mapping, and resiliency measurements to gather the experiences of the transition from foster care.

This study draws on data from the [STUDY] and the National Student Clearinghouse to examine the roles that Education and Training Vouchers (ETVs) and campus support programs (CSPs) play in promoting college persistence for foster youth.

This report presents a summary of the presentations, discussions, and decision points made during a two-day round table meeting in New York on 4-5 February 2019, organized by the Better Care Network (BCN) and ICF with support from USAID, to determine how existing population-level surveys could be strengthened to improve global and national data on children’s care and wellbeing.

Identifying different domains and dimensions of children’s well-being and touching upon its multifaceted nature, this study presents an alternative framework, showing how the quality of the reception path for unaccompanied minors is fundamental to having successful results throughout the entire integration process.

This article discusses the implications of the influx of parents into the child welfare system for welfare authorities, using the U.S. state of Florida as an example.

In respect of international migration by children and adolescents, the aims of this chapter are: (1) to present the main trends of migratory dynamics before and during the economic crisis in Spain, migrant children in the educational system, and their career expectations as they become adults; and (2) to analyse local policies towards reunified children in Madrid and Barcelona.

The study ”Struggling to Survive” identifies and deepens the understanding of informal practices used, and experiences of, unaccompanied and separated migrant children during the course of their migration journey.

This study examined the association between parental migration and early childhood nutrition of left-behind children (LBC) in rural China.

This snapshot provides a brief overview of research examining culturally attuned ways to assess risk so that Indigenous children in Australia can be safely supported.

This qualitative study, conducted in Portugal, aimed to understand professionals' perspectives on the collaborative processes between the Early Childhood Intervention (ECI) and the Child Protection Systems.

This article examines the distinctive campaign of foster carers to be recognised as workers, focusing upon the emergence of the campaign and the imaginative solidarities forged with seemingly disparate groups of precarious workers.

The purpose of the present study was to examine differences in both internalized (e.g., worry and guilt) and externalized (e.g., anger and resentment) caregiver strain among biological, foster and adoptive caregivers, and assess the degree to which characteristics of the caregivers and the children in their care impact strain.

This qualitative research explored the motivations and challenges of foster parents in Accra, Ghana.

This study explores immigrant parents’ emotional experiences in child welfare services as well as parents’ emotional management and their interpretations of the role of emotions in the child welfare system.

This article reports a part of a qualitative study to address the questions of what and how international organizations have been engaging in the professionalization of social work services for disadvantaged children in Vietnam, taking five international organizations as the unit of analysis.

This study examined the behavioral adjustment of 52 Romanian adolescents domestically adopted.

For this study, friendship characteristics, social behaviors with peers, normed assessments of social problems, and social cue use were assessed in 142 children, of whom 67 were previously institutionalized (PI), and 75 were raised by their biological families.

This handbook provides a central source of contemporary scholarship from a variety of disciplines with an international perspective and uses a multifaceted and interdisciplinary approach to ground adoption practices and activities in scientific research.

This article describes the impact on social services of an innovative model of family care in Moshi, Tanzania, aimed at orphaned children and youth who are affected by HIV/AIDS and their caregivers.

The aim of this review is to describe psychosis risk factors in adoptees, with a focus on difficulties with identity formation, identification with in-groups, attachment to parents, and coping with loss and with discrimination.

This chapter examines the cultural logic of child care in Africa, focusing on one variation of fosterage, okutekula, among the Ova-ambo in Northern Namibia.

This series of country briefs aim to provide an analysis of children’s living and care arrangements according to the latest available data from Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) or Multiple Indicators Cluster Surveys (MICS) at the time of publication.

This country brief provides an overview of data on children’s living arrangements in Cambodia, extracted from the 2014 DHS survey.

In this article, the authors explore how relationships in the workplace may be an important source of support for some care experienced young people.

This first of a two-part paper discusses the first of a two-stage, transatlantic study aimed at identifying and exploring threshold concepts in residential child care.

This study aimed to survey the extent of social anxiety in rural left-behind children in China, reveal the relationship of social anxiety to family cohesion and adaptability, and provide a theoretical basis for health intervention.

This systematic review of qualitative research aimed to identify and synthesise the findings of relevant studies that documented the experiences of children in care in regard to their school experiences.

This case explores the complex ways unaccompanied Latinx Indigenous minors experience the intersection of immigration policies and U.S. school policies and practices and the implications this has for school leaders.

This Note will examine some of the legal arguments surrounding the issue of family unity in immigration detention in the U.S. and how justice can be sought for the minors wrongfully classified by the government as “unaccompanied.”

This booklet serves as a companion resource for the Core Elements of Success in OVC Care: Self-Assessment Tool, developed by CAFO.

This Country Care Review includes the care-related concluding observations adopted by the Committee on the Rights of the Child as well as ratification dates.

In this video, the First Minister of Scotland, Nicola Sturgeon, issues a statement on the publication of the final report of the Scottish Independent Care Review.

This article explores Intercountry Adoption (ICA) practices and the related expansion of orphanages (also referred to as residential care) in the East African context.

This country care review includes the care related Concluding Observations adopted by the Committee on the Rights of the Child.

This resource is designed to support PSS Facilitators to strengthen inclusion of children and adolescents with disabilities in a range of PSS activities, including community based and focused activities.

This special note describes the development of a joint question module for the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS), developed by the Washington Group on Disability Statistics (WG) and UNICEF, to measure data on child disability.

The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of best practices in inclusive education, inform stakeholders of the current status of inclusive education in the region, describe the contextual factors which affect program implementation, and make recommendations of practical start-up steps for inclusive education programs.

The intention of this booklet is to document and share the good practices and results that the Save the Children Norway – Ethiopia (SCN-E) project has achieved at different levels with improved outcomes on the lives of the individual child with disability, families, the community, and institutions.

This one-page case study describes the situation of one family in Georgia caring for their daughter with cerebral palsy and the interventions and services provided by Save the Children that enabled the family to get the support they needed to care for their daughter, and enabled the girl to improve her cognitive and motor skills.

This handbook has been developed specifically for Save the Children program staff, implementing partners, and practitioners supporting education programs in any context.

In this article, the authors briefly review the history of institutional care and surrogate care. They then discuss why institutional care is at odds with children’s needs, and review the empirical evidence regarding the effects of institutional care on young children’s development.

The chapters in this Research Note are grouped in three sections. The first section (chapters 2–5) presents the international experiences. The second (chapters 6–7) presents the Russian background, whereas the third section (chapter 8–9) offers an updated presentation of Russian realities as to the placement of orphans.

This article reviews the series of major changes undergone by the Romanian child welfare system from 1990 to 2010, including the laws and governmental reform measures enacted, the shift in child population among various Romanian institutions and foster care homes, types of institutions available to children, level of care, shift in reasons for child abandonment, changes in ways children are routed through the system, and how these changes have effect children’s development, health, and psychological well-being.

This study (a thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Master of Social Science in Social Policy Degree at University College Cork, Ireland) explored the factors influencing the transition from care to independence in Harare, Zimbabwe.

This issue brief provides an overview of parent education programming, research demonstrating its benefits, and information about different types and examples of evidence-based and evidence-informed parent education programs.

This Resource Guide offers support to community service providers as they work with parents, caregivers, and children to prevent child maltreatment and promote social and emotional well-being.

This article reviews Australia's national redress scheme proposed by the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse and proposes two corrective measures: adopting an inclusive understanding of sexual abuse in closed and open settings, and addressing the negative bias that may result from care leavers’ lower social status as children compared to that of non-care leavers.

This article explores the long history of institutions for children in Australia and of the existence of abuse within them.

The aim of the article is to compile inquiries into abuse and neglect in out-of-home care that have been conducted worldwide in order to frame the historical context in which these inquiries and truth commissions were set up.

Considering the challenges modern migration crisis has posed on both a practical and theoretical basis, this article takes a thorough look at the protection of unaccompanied minors under international human rights law with the aim to present the main issues that need to be revisited and the areas that require further development.

This brief identifies the steps necessary to realize an integrated system of care, reviews two current approaches, and makes recommendations—including specifying policy reforms that would promote interagency collaboration, integration, service delivery, and improved outcomes for California’s children, both with and without disabilities.

This article takes a look at physical and behavioral health problems in children and teens in foster care in the U.S. and offers information and tips for providing care to this vulnerable population.

This report from Physicians for Human Rights (PHR) presents findings from an investigation based on psychological evaluations of asylum-seeking parents and children who were separated by the U.S. government in 2018. The investigation found pervasive symptoms and behaviors consistent with trauma, particularly the trauma of family separation.

This brief is part of a series of country briefs which aim to provide an analysis of children’s living and care arrangements according to the latest available data from Demographic and Health Surveys