Child Participation

Children have the right to participate in matters affecting their lives and should be enabled to give their opinions, and to have those opinions taken into account. Through participation, children learn self-expression, empowerment and ultimately greater self-esteem. Children are a diverse group and therefore children of different ages, abilities, backgrounds, races, and both genders should ideally be included in a consultation process.

The views or wishes of children should never be assumed or overlooked, and such a process will ultimately help to formulate interventions which are more responsive. Whether investigating abuse, assessing a child’s needs, undertaking permanency planning, or evaluating standards of care, children’s opinions must form an integral part of the decision making process. The appointment of an independent guardian is a safeguard to ensure that the child has a voice and that his or her rights are protected.

The process of encouraging participation requires skill in communicating with children. Children should not be told what to say, intimidated, or judged. An environment of safety and respect is necessary to help the child feel comfortable to express her opinions, and therefore care should be taken regarding who else is present, the physical environment, and the way information is sought.

Children should be given a choice regarding participation, and where possible, parents and caretakers should be fully aware of the consultation process. Confidentiality of information is paramount and children should not be put in danger as a result of expressing their views. It is the responsibility of all professionals involved in the care of children to ensure that the process of participation is safe and that children will have support available where follow-up is necessary.

This section includes guidance on the process for consulting children, and example participation projects.

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Development of Integrated Social Care Services for Vulnerable Families and Children at Risk in Moldova

Arkadi Toritsyn, 01 Nov 2007

Project Evaluation Report for UNICEF Moldova

Developing Residential Child Care Project: Participation and Consultation in Residential Child Care in England

Lucy Milich, 2007

This report aims to provide insight into children’s perceptions of participation within England’s residential care system, and to note any potential or perceived barriers to participation.

How-to Guide: Child Participation in Education Initiatives

Carolyn W. Fanelli and Mildred Mushunge, 2007

A Guide that highlights successful strategies used to facilitate child participation in educational initiatives in Zimbabwe. Real-life examples are provided for illustration, replication and adaptation by other organizations involved in education programmes.

HIV/AIDS Education: What African Youth Say Is Effective

W. James Jacob, Stacey A. Shaw, Donald E. Morisky, Steven J.Hite, &, 2007

A study of HIV/AIDS education programs and direction for creating curricula in African schools.

Protecting Children from Sexual Exploitation and Sexual Violence in Disaster and Emergency Situations

Stephanie Delaney, ECPAT International, 01 Mar 2006

A practical guide for local and communtiy based organizations about how to protect children from sexual abuse and exploitation in disaster and emergency situations.

Protecting Children's Rights in the Collection of Health and Welfare Data

Katie Schenk, Tapfuma Murove, and Jan Williamson, 2006

Explores the ways in which data collection activities affect children’s rights and suggests methods by which rights-based principles may be used to derive appropriate safeguards to prevent unintentional harm and abuse.

Violence Against Children in Ethiopia: In Their Words

The African Child Policy Forum and Save the Children Sweden, 2006

Analysis of child perceptions and testimonials that comprises the third and final set of results from a major study of violence against children in Ethiopia. Emphasizes child participation for implementation of effective policy.

A Matter of Belonging

Christopher Bold, Mary Henderson, and Rachel Baggaley, 2006

A guide for faith-based organizations working in developing countries on issues related to orphans and vulnerable children. Contains examples of successful community-based and family support care programs throughout the world that are run by faith-based groups. Discourages the use of institutional care and orphanages.

Child and Youth Participation Resource Guide

UNICEF East Asia and Pacific Regional Office , 2006

A directory of resources on child and youth participation. It provides a listing of publications, organizations and web resources from practitioners worldwide on a broad range of child participation issues and projects.

UNHCR Guidelines on Formal Determinations of the Best Interests of the Child

UNHCR, 2006

Guidelines for when and how to make a decision regarding the best interests of the child in the case of emergencies. Includes useful information for addressing unaccompanied and separated children including, temporary and alternative care arrangements, tracing and reunification, and child participation.