This Australian longitudinal, qualitative study explored child protection worker perceptions and experiences of resilience to inform understandings of worker resilience, and implications for worker functioning and workforce retention.

The State of Funding for Children in SADC is a report that investigates the status of resources that are earmarked for children in southern Africa.

This article proposes a three-step model for the process of case file keeping, including aspects on the level of information gathering, processing, and presentation.

This dissertation examines the communication between left-behind children in China and their migrant parents from the three-level perspective of relational maintenance (Dainton, 2003): the self, the system, and the network contexts.

The purpose of this study was to seek a more thorough understanding of the education and preparation adoptive parents receive regarding potential child issues in international adoption.

In this study, executive functions were examined in post-institutionalized children adopted into Spanish families from Russian institutions.

This study used a dataset of 1426 young adults experiencing homelessness (YAEH) from 7 different US cities to examine the historical risk and resilience characteristics of those involved in foster care alone, juvenile justice alone, both systems (dual status), and no system involvement.

The aim of the study is to reveal challenges and the ways to overcome them in the context of the restructuring of childcare, based on the experience of social workers who work in children’s care homes in Lithuania, which participate in the restructuring.

The main focus of this chapter is to define institutions, their objectives and the nature of services rendered.

A number of psychological factors have been found to be relevant in terms of problematic use of digital devices. Some of them may serve as risk factors, while others mean protection. The main goal of present study was to determine user profiles and to examine differences among them based on several psychological variables using cluster analysis.

In this article, the author deals with one of the most problematic issues of the migrant crisis, namely the deprivation of liberty of a unaccompanied migrant minor in his or her migrant journey.

This report focuses on trust relations of Eritrean minors who arrived without the company of their parents to The Netherlands and the people who are taking care of them.

This study employed a retrospective pre/post design to assess the impact of a self-care training for child welfare workers (N=131) in one southeastern state in the United States.

This study extends research on the effects of institutionalization—by examining the trajectories of cognitive, language and motor development of 64 Portuguese infants and toddlers across the first six months of institutionalization, while determining whether pre-institutional adversities and the stability and consistency of institutional care predict children’s development.

The present exploratory study aimed to describe and profile the characteristics of children placed in kinship care and their mothers, as reported before placement.

The current research explores the perceived wellbeing of foster and kin carers, with attention to the different experiences of the two groups.

This article draws from the authors’ experiences of implementing ecologically-based treatment models based on multisystemic therapy, including the Neighborhood Solutions Project (NS) and Multisystemic Therapy for Child Abuse and Neglect (MST-CAN). The authors call for a rigorous multisystemic approach to the protection of children, one that pays attention to children at risk of harm and those who are involved in formal child protection systems because they have experienced maltreatment.

This essay provides an overview of an alternative to the traditional model of social work that was developed in the context of an initiative seeking to address the community-level factors shown to influence children’s safety. The model described in this essay was part of an effort to replicate Strong Communities for Children (Strong Communities)—which was first piloted in the USA to keep children safe by building systems of support for parents with young children —in south Tel Aviv, Israel.

The purpose of this paper is to study an examination of existing international research concerning unaccompanied refugee minors (URM) and of whether, and if so how, issues relating to drug use and criminality among these children are discussed in the international literature.

The aim of this study was to systematically review studies where the physical health consequences for children left behind (CLB) were analysed.

The purpose of this study was to assess the possible impact of parents’ migration on emotional and behavioral problems of their left-behind children.

The thesis consists of four interrelated empirical studies that address different aspects of poor educational outcomes among children with out-of-home care (OHC) experience by means of analyses of longitudinal survey and register data, and evaluations of two interventions aimed at improving their basic academic skills.

This targeted literature review seeks to explore how to disrupt the routes between care and custody for girls and women, examining the over-representation of care experienced individuals in criminal justice settings.

This paper presents four case studies of participatory educational research in Africa, including the lived experiences of orphaned children and conceptions of education quality in South Africa.

This paper reviews related literature on the African extended family system and how it caters for orphans in their communities.

On November 20 and 21 Member States of the UN General Assembly participated in a High-level meeting on the occasion of the thirtieth anniversary of the adoption of the Convention on the Rights of the Child. During the general debate, number of delegates made reference to the theme of the 2019 UNGA Resolution in the Rights of the Child which focuses on children without parental care, the Anniversary of the Guidelines on the Alternative Care of Children, and work in support of children without parental care.

The main objective of this study is to analyze the level of agreement between young people in residential care (RC) and their care workers (who, in Spain, are called social educators, and who have a specific university degree).

Children who enter out-of-home care are at risk for trauma and behavioral problems, however the child welfare and behavioral health systems do not effectively communicate to provide evidenced-based treatment. This case study describes a project that addressed these concerns.

This descriptive policy analysis examines the position of infants’ rights in the family service orientated child welfare systems of Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden when being placed in out-of-home care.

This study examined family- and state child welfare system predictors of successful reunification in the United States, or reunification with no reentries into foster care.

For this study, a sample of youth in foster care was used to provide a new examination of the relation between child maltreatment exposure and internalizing symptoms, to test the possible moderating effects of both appraisals and spirituality, and examine differences between children and adolescents.

The first aim of this study was to investigate foster children’s social-emotional functioning (externalizing, internalizing and total problem behavior) reported by female and male caregivers, as well as by teachers, at 8 years of age, as compared with a non-foster group. The second aim was to investigate the predictive power of internalizing and externalizing behavior from age 2 and 3 years.

This research examined the impact of individual and relational characteristics of foster parents on permanency outcomes for children in care.

The purpose of this study was to outline prerequisites for interventions aimed at school performance for children in foster care, related to those in normal population studies.

Using data from the U.S. National Youth in Transition Database (NYTD), combined with the Adoption and Foster Care Analysis Reporting System (AFCARS), the present study provides an analysis of the risk and protective factors contributing to homelessness among a nationwide sample of foster care youth at age 21, 29% of whom had experienced homelessness.

The objective of this study was to examine the utility of child protective services data in identifying predictors of placement disruption.

A strategy gaining traction to address the disproportionate representation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children in the statutory child protection system is to recruit more Indigenous practitioners into statutory child protection work. This paper reports on results from a recent doctoral study which explored the experiences of Indigenous child protection practitioners based in Queensland, Australia.

Adolescents who are involved with child welfare systems, either in foster care or under child welfare supervision, across Canada, disproportionately “cross-over” to youth criminal justice proceedings. This article critically considers disadvantages “cross-over” youths face under the Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA).

This study explores conceptions of the notion of unaccompanied minors (UM) in Senegal and analyzes the resources and coping mechanisms of these minors when confronted with migratory traumas.

This paper examines the causal effects of parents' migration on the education, physical, and mental health of left‐behind children aged 11 to 15 years in Romania, a country where increasingly more children have parents working abroad.

Using nationally representative monitoring data for migrant workers aged 15 to 59 years in China, this study sought to estimate the prevalence of left-behind children (LBC) in each province, and to examine risk factors being left behind at both the individual and provincial level.

This Australian longitudinal, qualitative study explored child protection worker perceptions and experiences of resilience to inform understandings of worker resilience, and implications for worker functioning and workforce retention.

The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences foster alumni college students (i.e., students who, as adolescents, were in foster care or other out-of-home conditions) considered pertinent during their first year in college.

This paper provides an overview of the principles of Trauma informed care, describing how service user experiences of adversity and/or trauma relate to the child welfare system in Northern Ireland and outlining international and national policy and practice developments in creating more Trauma informed child welfare systems.

The current study examines the relation between several individual characteristics of professionals in the Netherlands and their decisions about out-of-home placement in a multivariate model.

Since 2017, The Chronicle of Social Change has been working to build the first public resource on foster care capacity in the United States, through the Who Cares project which collects data directly from each state, and combines it with specially obtained federal reports. This executive summary provides and overview of methodology and findings of the Who Cares project for 2019.

This report from t he Williams Institute is a collection of working papers focused on understanding what we know and what we need to better understand about the lives and outcomes of system-involved youth who are both LGBTQ and racial/ethnic minorities, including those involved in the US child welfare system.

The main finding of this report from Disability Rights International (DRI) is that Bulgaria has replaced a system of large, old orphanages with newer, smaller buildings that are still operating as institutions.

This report reviews the government of Bangladesh’s progress to create the minimum conditions in law and policy needed to end violence against children.

This Review is aimed at examining the high rates of Aboriginal children and young people in out-of-home care (OOHC) in New South Wales (NSW), Australia and the implementation of the Aboriginal Child Placement Principle (ACPP) in this jurisdiction.

With this guide, the Global Initiative to End All Corporal Punishment of Children aims to support governments and civil society working to end violence against children through effective prohibition of corporal punishment.

This chapter from the book Education in Out-of-Home Care aims to (1) provide an overview of educational background and educational expectations of adolescents aging out of care in Brazil; (2) examine associations between educational background and extracurricular activity and placement characteristics; and (3) discuss the specificities of education in care for adolescents in Brazil as well as its similarities with other countries.

This chapter from the book Education in Out-of-Home Care reports on a qualitative doctoral study that investigated the experiences of New Zealand care leavers who went to university.

In this chapter from the book Education in Out-of-Home Care the authors explore their journeys to and through university and doctoral studies, drawing in the experiences of other care leavers who have gone to university and care leavers they have encountered through their research into this topic.

This chapter from the book Education in Out-of-Home Care describes trends in the secondary and postsecondary educational attainment of care-experienced young people in the California Youth Transitions to Adulthood Study (CalYOUTH), support they received to pursue their education, and the obstacles they have encountered along the way.

This conceptual chapter from the book Education in Out-of-Home Care argues that efforts to improve educational outcomes for care experienced young people need rethinking.

This chapter from the book Education in Out-of-Home Care assesses a pilot project aimed at improving the school-based learning of children in residential care in Austria, Croatia, France, Germany and Spain.

This chapter from the book Education in Out-of-Home Care examines a policy change to affect the overall ecology of youth villages (Israeli residential schools), aimed at emphasizing high school academic achievements as a key to future success.

To mark the occasion of the 30th anniversary of the Convention on the Rights on the Child (CRC), a three-day event was held at the UN in Geneva, Switzerland. During the Child Protection session, Becky Smith of Save the Children gave this presentation on Children Without Parental Care.

This study examines the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) from the perspective of seven major religions, identifies the important role played by religious communities in advancing the rights and well-being of children over the past 30 years, seeks to identify the common values shared among different religions and the CRC and promotes continued action by religious communities to further implement the CRC in the future.

On 18 November 2019, a workshop led by International Social Service Switzerland and Child Rights Connect was held in Geneva to mark the 30th anniversary of the Convention on the Rights on the Child (CRC), the 10th anniversary of the UN Guidelines on the Alternative Care of Children, and the 5th anniversary of Optional Protocol on the CRC on a communications procedure.

This chapter from the book Education in Out-of-Home Care examines how far education and the school context meet the educational needs of out-of-home care children in Hong Kong from the perspective of inclusive education.

This chapter from the book Education in Out-of-Home Care reviews available evidence, drawing on a recent small-scale English research study to explore the potential of early education as an intervention for children in care.

In this chapter from the book Education in Out-of-Home Care the authors highlight ongoing legislative and policy challenges related to postsecondary education for care leavers.

This Chapter from the book Education in Out-of-Home Care reviews research and promising programs in the U.S. affecting the educational success of children in foster care.

This chapter from the book Education in Out-of-Home Care outlines the skills that are necessary for a successful start to formal schooling for children placed into out-of-home care (OHC).

This chapter from the book Education in Out-of-Home Care presents findings from a study of the educational progress of Out of Home Care (OHC) children in England.

This chapter from the book Education in Out-of-Home Care examines as case studies the Australian media coverage of final secondary results, juxtaposed with the experiences of several care-leavers currently attending a regional university, as gleaned from in-depth interviews and enrolment data-analysis. These accounts consistently affirm an array of systemic and cultural obstacles to the successful pursuit of their education.

This chapter from the book Education in Out-of-Home Care reviews the available research on issues related to early childhood education and care (ECEC) for children in foster care in Australia and reports findings on the ECEC experiences of 60 children aged 3 to 5 years from the Australian Early Childhood in Foster and Kinship Care study.

The present research from the book Education in Out-of-Home Care examined the question of possible gender effects of a tutoring program for children in foster care in Ontario, Canada, as well as several other questions of a practice-related nature, including the impact of implementation fidelity on the effectiveness of the tutoring program and the children’s and caregivers’ perception of the tutoring.

This Chapter from Education in Out-of-Home Care illustrates that increased resourcing is needed to facilitate the achievement of improved education outcomes for Australian primary school children in out-of-home care (OHC).

This book draws together for the first time some of the most important international policy practice and research relating to education in out-of-home care. 

This chapter from Education in Out-of-Home Care describes part of a project in England where the concept of Caring Schools was developed, with four domains: ethos and leadership, child focused practice, relationships with parents and carers, and interagency working.

This pilot study reports the baseline data of a prospective longitudinal study examining the educational achievements of grandchildren being raised by grandparents in parent absent homes.

This video from World Without Orphans tells the story of Anu, who was abandoned as an infant and grew up in a large institution in India, later opening her own home for orphaned and abandoned girls. Anu came to realize that this was not the best way to care for the children and began, instead, to work within the community to provide education, food, medical care, and a way for children to remain in families.

This paper analyzes the extent to which official government “child vulnerability” indicators are associated with two important components of educational disadvantage: school enrollment and sixth grade learning outcomes in Uganda.

This Strategic Plan for the Ministry of Social Welfare, Gender and Children Affairs (MSWGCA) of Sierra Leone outlines priority critical issues and challenges and key activities/interventions under four strategic areas.

The Child Rights Act of 2007 provides for the promotion of the rights of the child compatible with the Convention on the Rights of the Child, adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations on 20th November, 1989, and its Optional Protocol of 8th September, 2000, and the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child, and for other related matters.

This report reviews the situation of vulnerable children and children's rights and concludes with a call to action to improve the lives of children. The report includes a section on children in vulnerable family settings, including a brief case study on deinstitutionalization in Romania and the problems that persist there.

In this opinion piece for the Chronicle of Social Change, Dr. Ali Caliendo (the executive director of Foster Kinship, a nonprofit organization devoted to the support of kinship families in the U.S. state of Nevada) outlines her recommendations for child welfare systems to improve outcomes for children by adopting best practices in supporting kinship families.

This is Save the Children's decalogue for child support in emergencies.

This article draws upon the work of Pierre Bourdieu to develop a model of understanding children’s citizenship that on the one hand accounts for the structural flow of governance from modern welfare states that shape children’s lives, while recognising the agency and capacity for action among children. This article applies the model to those in the care system.

The purpose of this article is to use the authors' experiences litigating physical abuse cases in the Bronx, New York City, USA to provide practitioners and family defenders both in New York and in other states with ideas and strategies of how to move cases forward for parents and caretakers charged with serious physical abuse of a child. It is our hope that, by challenging these allegations, defense attorneys can expose the misperceptions and overreach of agencies that charge parents with physical abuse based on injuries alone.

Drawing on interviews and focus groups with child protection social workers from three site offices in Aotearoa New Zealand (interviews, n = 26; focus groups, n = 25) and using thematic analysis, this study identified the case, internal organisational, inter-site organisational and external elements that contributed to threshold decisions.

This is the second research publication in a series of thematic reports examining what victims and survivors have shared with the Truth Project about their experiences of child sexual abuse and the institutional context in which it occurred. It details the research findings in relation to experiences of child sexual abuse that occurred in the context of children’s homes and residential care in England and Wales.

This episode of the podcast Up/Root features interviews with Stephen Ucembe and Ruth Wacuka who both grew up in "orphanages," despite having parents. They share what it was like to grow up in an institution and what they are doing to help end orphanage tourism - and how listeners can join them in their pursuit of justice for families and children.

This report documents the developmental journey taken by the Government of Sierra Leone (GSL) towards the protection, promotion and fulfilment of the rights of all of its children as protected by the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child (ACRWC).

This resolution was submitted by the Human Rights Council to the General Assembly on 17 June 2019 for consideration with a view to the adoption of the Guidelines for the Alternative Care of Children on the twentieth anniversary of the Convention on the Rights of the Child.

En conmemoración del décimo aniversario de la adopción de las Directrices sobre las modalidades alternativas de cuidado de los niños, este folleto de Aldeas Infantiles SOS Internacional informa a los niños, niñas y jóvenes sobre su derecho a vivir en un entorno familiar de acuerdo con las Directrices.

Marking the 10th anniversary of the adoption of Guidelines for the Alternative Care of Children, this booklet from SOS Children's Villages International informs children and young people about their right to live in a supportive family environment in accordance with the Guidelines.

Marking the 10th anniversary of the adoption of Guidelines for the Alternative Care of Children, this booklet from SOS Children's Villages International informs children and young people about their right to live in a supportive family environment in accordance with the Guidelines.

This report and recommendations have been developed to improve the housing journey of care leavers in Scotland, and prevent homelessness for people with experience of care.

The present exploratory study aimed to describe and profile the characteristics of children placed in kinship care and their mothers, as reported before placement.

The aim of this study was to examine factors and processes of change that occurred through participation in a residential family preservation/reunification programme from the perspectives of service users and staff.

Based on experience from work on the ground, this report from Save the Children identifies a number of key issues that urgently need to be addressed by the EU and its Member States to ensure better management of mixed migration flows for children and their families, including separated and unaccompanied children.

This study examined whether and how postadoption parenting promotes recovery in children experiencing early life adversity in the form of institutional care. Results support the notion that postadoption parenting during toddlerhood and the early preschool years promotes better regulation skills following early adversity.

This article gives specific information on a program in Missouri, USA that took the emerging therapeutic foster family approach and added a novel component: training deaf families to become therapeutic foster parents, including how it was established, what problems arose, and what solutions were tried.

This systematic review provides a synthesis of empirical findings related to mental Health of Orphans and Vulnerable Children within the context of HIV/AIDS in developing countries.