This working paper focuses on two critical global challenges: violence against children and climate change. The links between the two are not always obvious, but they exist and are significant in terms of both causes and solutions. Combating the causes of climate change can impact positively on certain contexts in which children are at high risk of experiencing violence.

This booklet was produced by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime in collaboration with The University of Manchester and aims to help parents and their children as they navigate challenges and stay connected as a family. 

This booklet is based on a pilot study testing the feasibility of delivering and evaluating a light touch parenting intervention for caregivers in the West Bank.

Responding to the crisis in Ukraine, Oxford University parenting experts together with their international colleagues, produced this easy-to-use guidance for families and other organisations on supporting children in the current emergency. The guide is based on evidence-based research.

Реагируя на кризис в Украине, эксперты по воспитанию детей Оксфордского университета вместе со своими международными коллегами подготовили это простое в использовании руководство для семей и других организаций по поддержке детей в нынешней чрезвычайной ситуации. Руководство основано на доказательных исследованиях.

Реагуючи на кризу в Україні, експерти Оксфордського університету з питань батьківства разом зі своїми міжнародними колегами підготували цей простий у використанні посібник для сімей та інших організацій щодо підтримки дітей у нинішній надзвичайній ситуації. Посібник заснований на доказових дослідженнях.

Кластер захисту координує заходи захисту та виступає за вдосконалення політики та законодавства, що стосуються людей, які постраждали від конфлікту. Він також займається розбудовою потенціалу та надає рекомендації щодо включення захисту у всі заходи гуманітарного реагування. Це знімок захисту для України за період з 25 лютого по 1 березня 2022 року, складений Protection Cluster Ukraine.

The Protection Cluster coordinates the protection response and advocates for the improvement of policies and legislation affecting conflict-affected people. It also engages in capacity building and provides guidance on mainstreaming protection into all humanitarian response activities. This is the protection snapshot for Ukraine for the period February 25 - March 1, 2022, compiled by Protection Cluster Ukraine.

The Protection Cluster coordinates the protection response and advocates for the improvement of policies and legislation affecting conflict-affected people. It also engages in capacity building and provides guidance on mainstreaming protection into all humanitarian response activities. This is the protection snapshot for Ukraine for the period February 25 - March 1, 2022, compiled by Protection Cluster Ukraine.

The overall aims of this research project were to explore the experiences of the children, parents and families involved in alternative care in Thailand. This research project reached a significant number of children (n.160) living in alternative care and their parents and families (n.20).

This APPG report puts a spotlight on what ‘community’ means to care-experienced people and explores what might be done to help strengthen important community relationships and connections for current and future generations of children in care. The report contains 15 practical recommendations for changes that could be made in the near future to improve the ways in which the care system supports young people to connect with their communities and highlights 5 broader areas where the authors feel serious reform is required that the Department for Education (and others) should consider in greater detail.

This study combines a quantitative overview of the leading indicators of well-being among children and young people in cities, with a qualitative, in-depth understanding of how daily life is perceived and experienced by the urban young. The quantitative analysis has predominantly employed existing national data sets, such as The National Socioeconomic Survey (SUSENAS) and the Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS), to understand the situation of children in urban settings. The secondary analysis assessed approximately 20 indicators that are based on the SDG/Sustainable Development Goal themes, and that align with the Indonesian National Medium Term Development Plan 2020–2024. The combination of secondary analysis, a systematic literature review, and consultations with children and young people generated insights on the constraints and opportunities faced by them and their broader urban communities.

This CELSIS briefing builds on the 2019 briefing, Access to Care Records, which outlined the legislative and policy context in Scotland around care records. This briefing is for all practitioners involved in writing, managing and/or supporting access to care records, and draws on research, campaigning work, and knowledge from organisations and local authorities across Scotland including in social work and information governance teams.

“Engaging Fathers – Putting Lessons Into Practice” is a three-part series to share strategies implemented from three of the five State or county agencies: Los Angeles County, California; Hartford, Connecticut; and Prowers County, Colorado.

“Engaging Fathers – Putting Lessons Into Practice” is a three-part series to share strategies implemented from three of the five State or county agencies: Los Angeles county, California; Hartford, Connecticut; and Prowers county, Colorado. Part one focuses on the strategies developed within Hartford, Connecticut.

This report analyses 1,804 care leaver responses collected in 21 English local authorities between 2017 and 2019.

This report is a follow up to the ‘What Makes Life Good?’ report published in 2020 about the views of care leavers on their well-being, using pre-pandemic data collected between 2017 and 2019 through the Your Life Beyond Care survey. In this follow-up report, the authors compare the ‘What Makes Life Good?’ pre-pandemic data from 1,804 care leavers to data from 2,476 care leavers in 2020 to 2021, since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. This has allowed them to identify priority areas that have emerged recently. Care leavers aged 16 to 25 were asked the same questions at both time points; about their living arrangements and safety, financial well-being, relationship with care workers, emotional support, stress, loneliness, overall well-being, and more.

Join webinar to hear speakers present from Canada, the USA , the United Kingdom and Finland to discuss the work that they are doing to transform the child welfare system and in so doing return social work to its original values: social justice, empowerment and hope.

This research looks at the planning and preparation that happens before leaving care in England. The report reflects the views of care leavers and whether the help they got when getting ready to leave care was what they needed, and how involved they were in the decisions made about their future.

This report is based on consultations with parents and allies in England carried out by Parent Families and Allies Network; Love Barrow Families; New Beginnings; Parent and Carer Alliance; and Southwark Family Council and Parent to Parent Peer Advocacy. It sets out ideas on making the care system more supportive, humane and inclusive, and ensuring families’ needs are met early, with advocacy as a core feature. It also argues for immediate changes, led by parents and children with lived experience of social care.

The Primary Prevention Framework for Child Protection in Humanitarian Action (the Framework) provides guidance for humanitarian workers on the key actions and considerations to apply when developing or implementing programming to prevent harm to children in humanitarian settings at the population-level. The Framework highlights guiding principles and specific actions to take within each of the five steps of the program management cycle for effective primary prevention efforts. Supporting resources and practical tools are linked within each step.

The aim of this report is to fill a knowledge gap by examining the points of interaction between climate change impacts and the amount, distribution, and conditions of unpaid care work. We focus on care workers rather than those who are cared for, while stressing the relational nature of care and acknowledging
that carers too require care.

The COVID-19 pandemic had widespread effects, including enhanced psychosocial stressors and stay-at-home orders which may be associated with higher rates of child abuse. The researchers aimed to evaluate rates of child abuse, neglect, and inadequate supervision during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The purpose of this analysis was to compare perspectives of frontline workers, administrators, and experts in child abuse and neglect in a system with mandatory reporting (Colorado, United States) and one without mandatory reporting (The Netherlands).

Although long-term fostering has existed for many years as an important part of the foster care service, it was only in 2015 that the government issued the first regulations and guidance on longterm foster care. The introduction of these Department for Education regulations and guidance supports long-term foster care with both kinship and non-kinship carers as a positive permanence option. The aim of this study was to investigate their implementation.

Este gráfico está destinado a los profesionales que trabajan en los organismos gubernamentales y las organizaciones no gubernamentales que participan en diferentes aspectos del sistema de protección y atención, pero específicamente en el apoyo a la reunificación, y detalla las funciones y responsabilidades específicas de quienes participan en este proceso en Guatemala y cómo deben coordinarse. 

This graphic is intended for use by professionals working within government agencies and non-governmental organizations in Guatemala engaged in different aspects of the protection and care system but specifically in support of reunification. It details specific roles and responsibilities of those engaged in this process in Guatemala and how they should coordinate.

The Sri Lanka The Department of Probation and Child Care Services created this national guideline to assist with providing collaborative intervention of Child Rights Promotion Officers and all government social workers to minimize vulnerabilities that lead to violence against children.

A poster for Child Protection teams to emphasize the evidence based practices of engaging volunteers that were documented in the research.

This is a 3-page document targeting donors, policy makers, and UN agencies regarding the roles of volunteers and how decision makers can support their roles

The Alliance for Child Protection in Humanitarian Action undertook an inter-agency project to provide a better understanding of community volunteers’ engagement in the case management process and develop guidance and tools to support their work.

Community volunteers are an integral part of preventing and responding to cases of violence, abuse, neglect and exploitation of children in humanitarian settings. They have a deep understanding of their communities, and help to identify children who are at-risk, have experienced harm, or have been separated from their family. Following global and field research conducted in 2020, the Alliance has produced key resources related to the roles of community volunteers in Child Protection case management in humanitarian settings.

Sri Lanka's National Policy on the Alternative Care of Children outlines a comprehensive range of alternative care options and encourages the reforming of all formal structures that provide at-home and out­-of-home services for children deprived of care and protection or at risk of being so. This policy also extends to children under care of the Juvenile Justice System. It provides policy solutions to programming for children at risk of family separation and facing deprivations such as child abuse, neglect, child labor, poverty, addiction, imprisonment, human trafficking, mental and physical disabilities, HIV/AIDS, domestic violence, orphanhood, abandonment and displacement etc. The policy also takes into consideration and encompasses provisions to children who are forced to live and work on streets.

It is starting to be recognised that young people with mental health and/or intellectual disabilities making the transition to adulthood from out-of-home care require focused attention to understand their needs and service requirements. Within the UK jurisdiction of Northern Ireland (NI), young people with mental health and/or intellectual disabilities are over-represented in the population of care leavers and yet very little is known about their specific needs. The overall aim of the study reported here was to examine the profile of care leavers with mental health and/or intellectual disabilities in order to better inform how best to configure child and adult service systems to meet their transitional needs.

There are limited studies which investigate the perceived needs and wellbeing of parents caring for their children with disability from culturally and linguistically diverse communities. This qualitative study uniquely explored the experiences and cultural factors of Vietnamese parents caring for children with a disability in multicultural Australia.

At least 5 million children have lost a parent or caregiver due to #COVID19 since March 2020, updated figures suggest. The authors urge actions to prioritise affected children, incl. economic strengthening, enhanced community and family support, and education.

The goal of the summit was to lead lasting change in the lives of millions of people with disabilities. To succeed, it is crucial that governments, international organizations, civil society and private business commit themselves to increased efforts to promote inclusion and rights-based development.

The UNICEF-Changing the Way We Care Regional Learning Platform for Eastern and Southern Africa held its first webinar of the year on Child Protection System Strengthening and Care Reform.

This video summary accompanies the Readjusting to Parenthood: Peer Support Groups for Grandparents Assuming Care for Orphaned Children (Upendo Village, Kenya) practitioner learning video which is part of the Kenya Practitioner Learning Video Series.

This virtual study tour aims to provide you with an overview of care reform in Zambia from the comfort of your own home. Care reform relates to the care of children.

यस अध्ययनले सातवटा केन्द्रित देशहरूमा २१ अर्ध-संरचित अन्तर्वार्ताहरू समावेश गरी गुणस्तरीय अनुसन्धान अध्ययन सञ्चालन गरेर निजी रूपमा सञ्चालित र वित्त पोषित आवासीय हेरचाह संस्थाहरूको सानो संख्यामा COVID-19 को प्रभावको अन्वेषण गर्दछ।

This Changing the Way We Care virtual study tour aims to provide an overview of care reform in Kenya from the comfort of your own home. Care reform relates to the care of children. It refers to efforts to improve the legal and policy frameworks, structures, services, supports and resources that determine and deliver alternative care, prevent family separation and support families to care for children well.

Esta evaluación curricular esta dirigida a profesionales, personal y estudiantes de programas de trabajo social; la cual se basó en el análisis de cinco planes de estudio universitarios guatemaltecos relacionados con el trabajo social, utilizando un marco de competencias que incluyó habilidades y conocimientos básicos sobre los derechos de la niñez y adolescencia, la protección y el bienestar. Los resultados destacaron que los planes de estudio eran valiosos en muchos sentidos, sin embargo, presentan oportunidades para fortalecer los contenidos a fin de preparar con mayor profundidad al recurso humano convirtiendose en defensores de los derechos y la protección de los niños, niñas o adolescentes

This articles reflects the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the everyday lives of children and their families in Estonia during lockdown in spring 2020 and 2021. The data corpus is based on diaries compiled by children during the first lockdown in 2020 for a collection at the Estonian Literary Museum, and on a series of semi-structured interviews with children documenting their experiences during lockdown in spring 2021. The study draws on literature from the “new sociology of childhood” and applies Bronfenbrenner’s social ecological model to an analysis of young people’s experiences when their mobility outside the home was restricted, and they were forced to reorganise their time use.

The purpose of the study is to understand the impact of COVID-19 on alternative care space in South Asian countries, its effect on the children living in alternative care, and to understand the measures taken by respective governments in these countries to support them during the pandemic.

Since the 1980s, an increasing number of researchers have focused on the educational attainment of looked-after children. Children in residential homes are in high risk of educational failure, and such failure may cause social problems later in life. Several scholars have called for efforts to promote lookedafter children’s ability to cope with academic challenges.

This exploratory narrative case study delves into the life trajectories of two English-speaking adults age 50+ who spent over three years in youth protection-based congregate care and aged out of these services in Quebec, Canada.

With millions of children worldwide living in alternative care settings, this article applies the learning from implementation science to advance the sector’s thinking around what needs to be in place to ensure consistently high-quality residential care.

Transitioning into adulthood can be difficult for many young people but transitioning from residential care comes with challenges to those who have grown up away from parents and family. This paper presents the voices of young women in Trinidad and Tobago and the challenges they faced transitioning from residential care. Their voices highlight the need to think in more gendered terms when contemplating effective strategies for facilitating transitions from out of home care.

Stability in residential care has, to date, been operationalised by fundamentally counting placements and equating these with varying levels of stability. In so doing, it has been found that having many placements (i.e., indicative of instability) is associated with diverse problematic outcomes including increased criminalisation, increased mental health difficulties and ongoing placement instability. On the other hand, however, stability has not been found to provide repair. This paper examines staff’s roles and needs required for providing stability.

Putting this second national report on corporate parenting before the Scottish Parliament in line with their duties under Children and Young People (Scotland) Act 2014, the Scottish Government provides an overview of corporate parents’ activities over the last three years. The report aims to become a useful learning resource for corporate parents.

The views and experiences of foster carers and services have been published in a new State of the Nation's Foster Care 2021 report from The Fostering Network. The findings are based on a survey of foster carers and fostering services across the UK.

This study consists of an analysis of government digital policies focused on children in Uruguay between 2009 and 2019. To facilitate this, the CRC was used as a framework to categorise key features of the principal strategies that have been implemented. It argues that while great advances have been made in terms of digital access, this has not been sufficiently accompanied with comprehensive and child-centred solutions that encompass regulations and children and adult digital education.

This paper explores perspectives on family reunification and emergent forms of separation among young migrants. These young people lived apart from and later reunited with their migrant parents who moved from the Philippines to Canada for work.

The purpose of the risk assessment is primarily to enable your organization to gather a snapshot of safeguarding needs and measures related to the activities being or to be undertaken by your organization.

This resource aims to improve the quality of care for children of female sex workers (CFSWs).  It is a training guide that aims to strengthen the capacity of community workers and volunteers to provide services that meet the special needs of CFSWs and ensure these services are key population-competent, child-friendly and stigma-free. 

This Guidance is a resource for people who work with children and families using a case management approach in middle-income and low-income countries. It contains information about how to work with children with disabilities and their families.

សាយយ័ន្តសួស្តីបងៗ​ និងប្អូនៗទាំងឡាយដែលធ្លាប់មានបទពិសោធន៍ជីវិតរស់នៅ​ ឬអ្នកកំពុងរស់នៅ​ រួមទាំងអ្នកត្រៀមចាកចេញពីមណ្ឌលកុមារកំព្រាជាទីស្រឡាញ់រាប់អាន​ ❤️️
ពួកយេីងសូមស្វាគមន៍អ្នកទាំងអស់គ្នា មកកាន់កម្មវិធីប្រពន្ធ័សារសំឡេងរបស់ @ក្មេងអង្គការកម្ពុជា Podcast។
(This is the first episode in a podcast series created by the Kmeng Onka Cambodia Care Leavers Network highlighting the lived experience of those living in residential care or are about to leave.)

This report is the culmination of almost four years of research. It gives an overview of the child protection situation in all 195 autonomous countries in the world.

Building on Volume 1 of the Residential Child and Youth Care in a Developing World Series that used the FIFA Football Confederation Regions to step outside contemporary discourses about residential child and youth care, further contributions from 23 UEFA countries are offered in this second volume which follows.

The causes of institutionalization are multiple and the impact it causes is reflected in different areas such as the development of the child in general, such as mental, psychic structuring, health, and nutrition. Psychologically, children present alterations in their cognitive, emotional, sexual, and social domains with a high probability of developing several pathological conditions. This chapter presents an overview of this phenomenon based on several research investigations carried out in Spain, Latin America, and Mexico.

The objective of the study was to evaluate the health and nutritional status of four registered orphanages of Rawalpindi, to find frequency of nutritional deficiencies by physical examination findings and to assess their dietary intake and contrast it with individual recommended daily allowances.

This report highlights the changing characteristics of children in and on the ‘edge of care’, including unaccompanied minors, increasing numbers of young people with unmet complex needs and BAME young people.

This is a comprehensive collection offering accounts of “first hand” lived experiences of young people growing up in some form of residential child and youth care in 19 African countries.

Children make up 50% of those affected in humanitarian crises and are disproportionately impacted by conflict and crisis.

The Unprotected Series maintains an important spotlight on the resources needed and those available for child protection actors to provide essential and life-saving services across the humanitarian system.

Increased and long-term parental stress related to one's parental role can lead to parental burnout. In the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, families experienced intensified pressure due to the government-initiated contact restrictions applied to prevent the spread of the virus in the population. This study investigates the risk factors and predictors of parental burnout in a large sample of parents during the COVID-19 pandemic in Norway.

his study examined the relationships between COVID-related stress, mental health and professional burnout in the infant and early child mental health (IECMH) workforce and examined reflective supervision and consultation (RSC) as a potential protective factor in the context of COVID-related stress.

This protocol for data collection on children living in residential care facilities (RCFs) aims to provide governments with clear guidance on recommended actions and steps for undertaking a census to map and enumerate such facilities and the children living in them.

Useful Resources and Tools | Case Studies | Tool Overview

This report was conceptualised jointly by Eurochild and the UNICEF Europe and Central Asia Regional Office (ECARO) and builds on the Eurochild report on alternative care in Europe published in 2009. It also includes a full set of country profiles.

This policy brief summarises the policy context, as well as the key findings and recommendations from the analysis of the national responses to the DataCare survey across Europe. More detailed information can be found in the full research report: Better Data for Better Child Protection Systems in Europe: Mapping how data on children in alternative care are collected, analysed, and published across 28 European countries, which includes a full set of country profiles.

These slides were designed by disability and care reform practitioners and consultants for CTWWC with an aim to build the capacity and confidence of those working in family strengthening and children’s care for work with children with disabilities and their families. These slides are designed to be used by the person providing the workshop, often called “the facilitator” or “the trainer”.

The Facilitator Manual for Understanding Disability, a training in disability inclusion, and the accompanying slides were designed by disability and care reform practitioners and consultants for CTWWC with an aim is to build the capacity and confidence of those working in family strengthening and children’s care for work with children with disabilities and their families. 

This facilitator’s guide accompanies the workshop slides by the same title, Understanding Disability. It is designed to be used by the person providing the workshop, often called “the facilitator” or “the trainer”. It is suggested that participants familiarize themselves with other resources in the Toolkit for Disability Inclusion in Care Reform as a foundation for this workshop. Each session section of this guide provides the facilitator with a script; however it should not be read verbatim but rather adjusted to the facilitator’s own style. Scripts will appear in italic font. The section description includes content for lecture with accompanying slides, suggested handouts, and exercises.

The Facilitator Manual for the Participation & Advocacy Learning Workshop and the accompanying slides were designed by disability and care reform practitioners and consultants for CTWWC with an aim is to build the capacity and confidence of those working in family strengthening and children’s care for work with children with disabilities and their families.

The Facilitator Manual for the Participation & Advocacy Learning Workshop and the accompanying slides were designed by disability and care reform practitioners and consultants for CTWWC with an aim is to build the capacity and confidence of those working in family strengthening and children’s care for work with children with disabilities and their families.

Представлен обзор проблемы готовности сирот к самостоятельной жизни. Показано, что внешние детерминанты готовности к самостоятельной жизни связаны со спецификой взросления сирот и находятся в исследовательском поле социальной адаптации выпускников детских домов.

Low readiness for independent living is what underlies the problems of social adaptation in children and adolescents from orphan organizations. This review explores how scientists and practitioners interpret this very concept of readiness for independent living.

The goal of this Call to Action is to draw attention to the sleep health of children residing in alternative care settings. It highlights the need for a more robust evidence base to address major knowledge gaps and outline concrete steps toward building future promising sleep health-promoting practices and policies supporting children residing in alternative care settings.

The purpose of this evidence synthesis is to analyze the primary and secondary impacts of the pandemic on children who are refugees, IDPs and/or migrants and highlights important protective factors and emerging response measures identified in a review of recent news media, project reporting, academic research and other relevant resources mapped over the previous five-month period.

The purpose of this evidence synthesis is to summarize what is already known about the impacts of the pandemic on children’s mental health risks, specifically in humanitarian settings with the aim of providing an overview of evidence to date. This synthesis captures the toll that COVID-19 and public health measures to reduce its transmission have taken on children’s mental health worldwide due to stressors from social isolation, family hardships, school closures, service interruptions, and economic crises. Evidence relevant to mental health and psychosocial support generally and in conflict-affected settings were included. Together, 52 academic articles and resources and 21 news articles from April 2020 to July 2021 were compiled for this report. 

A growing movement of illegally adopted individuals request remedies and reparations for the human rights violations that they and their biological families had suffered. This article explores a number of measures that the stakeholders in the receiving countries can use in an effort to repair the human rights violations caused by illegal intercountry adoptions, borrowing ideas from transitional justice. In order to effectively redress the harm inflicted upon victims of illegal adoptions, a policy on remedies should combine instruments of retributive justice, aimed at holding wrongdoers accountable, with measures of restorative justice that focus on the victims’ needs and interests.

This article explores responses of 41 UK social workers to ethical challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic, utilising UK data from an international qualitative survey and follow-up interviews in 2020. Challenges ranged from weighing individual rights/ needs against public health risks, to deciding whether to follow government/agency rules and guidance.

This study examined the reasons for the pervasiveness of the practice of child abandonment, using the “Skolombo Boys and Lakasara Girls’’ in Calabar, the state capital of Cross River State, Nigeria, as the analytical context.

There are a multitude of stakeholders involved in the protection, education, mental health and psychosocial care of children for children in low- and middle-income countries. This article presents how the current medical and public health models for child mental healthcare, do not adequately address the complexities of child protection and mental health. It argues for mental health professionals to: (a) recognise the role of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) in mental health morbidity; (b) adopt an alternative approach, namely that of transdisciplinarity, to enable more effective solutions to children’s psychosocial and mental health issues, through systemic reform and transformation.

"Left-behind children" refer to children whose parents or one of them go out to work in the city all year round. Due to the education conditions in the city, they stay alone in the countryside. Because they are separated from their parents all the year round, the lack of good family education in their growth environment has brought many negative effects on their growth and also caused more serious social problems. It can be seen that the research on the family education of left-behind children in rural areas is very necessary. Therefore, this study takes G Village in Guizhou Province as an example. This study includes literature review and a interview of 40 left-behind children and 20 guardians in G Village, Guizhou Province. Also, the physical and mental health and safety hazards of left-behind children and their causes were analyzed.

Отмечается, что, несмотря на усилия государства и некоммерческих организаций (далее – НКО), сохраняются проблемы адаптации детей-сирот к интеграции в социум. Обращается внимание на тот факт, что исследование речевых поведенческих моделей выпускников детских институциональных учреждений (ЦССВ, ЦССД) некоторых некоммерческих организаций выявляет антиномичность их программ друг другу и исходным целям. Объектом этих противоречий выступает процесс формирования зависимых социальных установок детей-сирот. Задача проведенного авторами исследования – выявить социальные установки выпускников детских (интернатных) учреждений, касающиеся собственной траектории социальной и профессиональной адаптации, и сопоставить, насколько выявленным установкам соответствуют существующие программы постинтернатной адаптации, реализуемые НКО.

Despite the efforts of the state and non-profit organizations (hereinafter — NPOs), the problems of orphans’ adaptation and integration into the society persist. Studies of speech behavioral models in graduates of child care institutions of some non-profit organizations reveal the antinomic nature of their programs and goals. These contradictions revolve around the process of formation of dependent social attitudes in orphaned children. The task of this research is to assess the role that NPOs play in the formation of certain social attitudes of graduates of child care (boarding) institutions (ex-orphanages).

This study is part of a larger initiative using an international platform to examine child maltreatment (CM) reports and child protective service (CPS) responses in various countries. The first data collection, which included a comparison between eight countries after the pandemic's first wave (March–June 2020), illustrated a worrisome picture regarding children's wellbeing. The current study presents the second wave of data across 12 regions via population data (Australia [New South Wales], Brazil, United States [California, Pennsylvania], Colombia, England, Germany, Israel, Japan, Canada [Ontario, Quebec], South Africa).

Understanding the risks and responses to children’s caregiving environment during COVID-19 remains limited. This is especially the case in humanitarian settings. This brief, therefore, aims to report what is known so far during the pandemic. The brief focuses on strategies to strengthen the caregiving environment through family- and community-based approaches. It also offers a series of case studies from various humanitarian and emergency contexts.

The Kenya-Italy “Virtual Exchange Program on Foster Care” aims to create a platform for learning, networking and sharing knowledge and best practices on Foster Care among different government stakeholders, from Kenya and Italy.

The exchange program took place on 5th, 7th and 9th July 2021.

The analysis was carried out in order to develop practical recommendations on improving the regulatory framework and the social services financing mechanism to prevent the separation of children from families and support alternative care mechanisims.